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CORK and INSULATION 



Facts and Figures 



Compiled b^ 

UNITED CORK COMPANIES 

of NEW YORK 

Main Office and Factory 
LYNDHURST, N. J. 

Selling Offices 

New York Chicago Philadelphia 

50 Church St. 110 So. Dearborn St. Broad and Chestnut Sts. 

Terminal Bldg. Westminster Bldg. Land Title Bldg. 

Cleveland Boston Atlanta 

818 Euclid Ave. 88 Broad St. Broad, Walton and 

Citizens Bldg, Forsyth Sts. (Grant Bldg.) 



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Copyright 1917 — United Cork Companies 



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General Information 



PART I 

(Pages 1 to 38 inclusive) 



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Stripping Cork Trees in Portugal 



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CORK AND INSULATION 

ODERN economic and commercial conditions could not have 

developed, nor could they continue to exist, without the 

aid of refrigeration. Upon this science many important 

industries have been built up, among which ice making 

and cold storage take first rank. 

The desirability of being able to preserve and set aside products 
of the season of plenty, to be made use of during the non-productive 
seasons, was early recognized; witness the many crude methods adopted 
by individuals, farmers particularly, to keep over from one season to 
another their fruits, vegetables, dairy and other products. These efforts 
go back as far as history itself. 

When during the latter half of the last century, induced by the 
development of industrial and transportation facilities, people flowed 
more and more to centers of population forming cities, empires in 
themselves, this desirability became an indispensable necessity. Refrig- 
eration and the industries making use of it supplied the need. 

What we are endeavoring to show in this booklet, is how to make 
use of Refrigeration in the most efficient and economic way, i. e., to 
keep the cold in and the heat out of rooms or buildings after the refrig- 
eration has been turned on. 

Here is where Cork Insulation enters the field. 

When we first undertook its manufacture, "Cork Insulation" was 
a luxury ; its principle little known ; its possibilities unsounded and its 
employment rare. 

We take pride in the part we have played in making cork insulation 
a standard of good commercial practice. 

From a little plant, we have become through successive increases, 
a large one. Small facilities have become greater ones ; a few thousand 
square feet have grown into acres of factory space. 

We therefore feel well fitted for the task of explaining in the most 
practical m.anner such details of Cork Insulation and its underlying prin- 
ciples as will be of most value to those interested — Architects, Engineers 
or Owners of plants. 



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Heat 

Heat is the substance, if we may call it such, around which are 
centered all efforts of the designer of refrigeration as well as the erector 
of insulation ; to remove heat is the sole object of the former ; to keep 
it away — "To Insulate" — the object of the latter; both working to 
the same end it will readily be recognized that the work of either is of 
at least equal importance. Whatever amount of heat is kept from 
entering a room by insulating it will not have to be removed by the 
refrigerating machinery. Thus the work accomplished by the former 
means work "saved" for the latter. 

The rather common statement that cold is the absence of heat, 
and heat the absence of cold, is an unscientific but more or less expres- 
sive principle. 

At least it raises the question why we figure cold as a negative 
fact. The answer is simply that the sun is an active source of general 
heat, and heat therefore an active principle, while cold is nothing more 
than a word to explain the absence of heat. 

Heat Measurements 

Heat permeates everything. 

Its intensity is registered by bodily sensation — "feeling". In 
this manner we recognize that one body holds more heat than another. 

Thermometers register the physically discernible temperature of 
different bodies; the actual amount or quantity of heat, however, is 
measured by the British Thermal Unit (B. T. U.) which means the 
amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of 
water, one degree Fahrenheit (from 38 to 39 F.). 

SPECIFIC HEAT is the amount of heat required to raise the tem- 
perature of 1 lb. of water 1 ° F. as compared with the amount of heat 
required to raise 1 lb. of any other substance 1 ° F. The same amount 
of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 lb. of water I ° F. will 
raise the temperature of 1 lb. of brick 5° F., hence the specific heat 
of brick IS one-fifth or .2. 

The term LATENT HEAT means the amount of heat required to 
change the state of bodies — yet not registerable by thermometers. For 
instance, in order to melt 1 lb. of ice, 144 B. T. U.'s must be supplied 
by or abstracted from the surroundings, but the temperature of the 
resulting water remains at 32° F. until all the ice is melted. After 
that the rise in temperature takes place. It follows that 144 B. T. U.'s 
is the cooling effect obtained in the melting of I lb. of ice at 32^ F. 

In this country the capacity of refrigerating apparatus is expressed 



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6 



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in Tons of Refrigeration. One ton of Refrigeration therefore repre- 
sents the coohng effect produced by melting one ton (2000 lbs.) of 
ice at 32° F. into water at 32 F. or 2000X144 B. T. U.'s=288,000 

B. T. U.'s. 

Heat Transference 

Heat makes itself felt or rather it is transferred in three different 
ways: — by radiation. — by conduction. — by convection. 

RADIATION is the transfer of heat through space without percepti- 
bly affecting the medium through which it passes. For example : radi- 
ated heat is the heat we get from the sun ; heat that is given out from 
a hot stove or steam radiator. 

CONDUCTION is the transmission of heat from molecule to mole- 
cule, and thus conducted from one part of a substance to another. 

Some substances conduct heat more readily than others. Metals 
for instance conduct heat rapidly. Glass and stone furnish greater 
resistance. Wood is a rather poor conductor of heat, and gases at 

the low end of scale conduct but little 
heat. An absolute vacuum would trans- 
mit no heat whatever. 

We have an example of conducted 
heat when we place the end of a steel 
bar into the lire and the other end be- 
comes warmer and warmer as the heat 
is conducted through it. 

CONVECTION is a process by which 
heat is conveyed as a result of the cir- 
culation of fluids — either gases or liquids 
— set up through contact with hot or 
cold surfaces. 

For example : Take the air con- 
fined in a chamber with walls of differ- 
ent temperatures. The air next to the 
cold wall will be cooled, become heavy 
and fall. Its place will be taken by the 
air heated through contact with the 
warm wall. This air in turn will become 
cooled and drop. In this manner cir- 
culation IS automatically induced. 

Reduction of size of air chambers 

will of course reduce circulation and the consequent transference of 

heat. 



side 
Cold 



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This diagram illustrates the 
direction of air currents in 
transmission of heat by Con- 
vection. 



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HIEIMSE^ 



Ideal Insulation 

Evidently from the foregoing an ideal insulator will be one com- 
posed as much as possible of a gas, air for instance, restrained from cir- 
culating by imprisonment in minute chambers. 

These principles of insulation have been well known for many 
years, but not until recently have they been incorporated into insulating 
devices to the fullest extent. 

Methods of Insulation 

The basis of all insulation is AIR. Even the old and inefficient 
methods were based upon the recognition of this fact. 

Founded upon this basis the first commercially employed method 
of insulation was the so-called Air-space Construction. 

This is formed by two or more walls of brick or boards and paper. 
The great inefficiency of this lies in the fact that when the outside wall 
is warm and the inside cold, the air in the space next to the warm side 
becomes heated and rises, while that next to the cold side cools and 
falls. Circulation results, and convection induces and accelerates the 
transmission of heat. 

Another objection where boards and paper are used is that open 
joints and cracks invariably follow the shrinkage of wood, and all 
wood will shrink. Through these cracks air will enter, bringing with 
it the greatest enemy of insulation — moisture, i. e., water. 

Water being a prime conductor of heat detroys the insulating value 
of all insulation. 

In wood construction this moisture also causes decay and where 
filling is used, the filling likewise deteriorates. 

Air spaces are furthermore an active danger in case of fire. They 
are literal vent shafts that nourish fire for days, and are very difficult 
to reach with a hose. Fire underwriters do not overlook these facts 
in fixing insurance rates. 

Whether empty or filled these air spaces are invariably infested 
with rats, mice and other vermin. 

The next development of erecting insulation was the use of fillers 
which m truth is merely an effort to reduce the size of the air spaces 
and more nearly approach the ideal of basic insulation. 

Into the empty spaces were shaken or tamped ashes, cinders, 



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tanner's bark, hay, straw, hair, peat, charcoal, wool, saw-dust, shav- 
ings and other suitable substances. These materials were depended 
upon to retard the circulation of air. Actually however, when packed 
tightly they displace so large a portion of the air to which the mate- 
rials owe their insulating value that they are rendered inefficient ; when 
packed loosely, they settle and leave empty spaces. 

To improve these old methods by waterproofing is very expensive, 
and the outlay would have a much greater value if spent on an insula- 
tion waterproof of itself. 

As applied to these old methods, waterproofing cannot prevent 
dampness from penetrating the insulating materials — gradually per- 
meating and even saturating them. 

To improve a bad method the use of mineral wool fibres and 
similar materials in blocks, or shapes was introduced. 

While this IS a little better than empty or filled spaces — it still 
has the overpowering disadvantage of absorbing water through capillary 
attraction. This is a physical phenomenon that takes place in all fibrous 
or porous substances. A good demonstration of this will be seen if 
you will dip the corner of a handkerchief in water and then watch 
the water spread all through the fabric. 



The effect of water on these blocks of fibrous materials is dis- 
astrous. They lose what little structural strength they have ; deteriorate 
and decompose into a water-soaked mass that is worse than worthless 
as an insulator ; thus become conductors instead of retarders of heat. 

Lastly, but not leastly, all the foregoing methods of insulation 
have the serious disadvantage that they do not in themselves prevent 
the entrance of water and its absorption by the materials used. 

Water is the arch enemy of all insulation. If water could be 
kept away from the insulating materials, an effective installation would 
be a simple matter. But water in form of vapor — i. e. moisture — is a 
constant condition of our atmosphere. It will enter anywhere through 
the medium of air. 

Air absorbs moisture. 

The higher the temperature of the air the greater its capacity of 
retaining moisture. 

A difference in temperature means a difference in pressure. Na- 
ture strives to equalize this condition. 

Cold air is heavier than warm air. When the door of a cold room is 
opened the heavy cold air seeks egress through the lower part of the 

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opening while the warm air rushes m through the upper part. The 
warm air comes in contact with the cold surfaces and immediately loses 
some of its capacity for holding moisture. Condensation results; 
moisture is deposited on the surfaces — and the insulation exposed to its 
disastrous effects. 

The only conclusion to be drawn from the foregoing statements 
of accepted fact and knowledge is that a perfect insulating material 
must embody two distinct features : 

First — It must incorporate the greatest amount of still air in the 
most minute chambers. 

Second — It must itself be proof against the intrusion of water 
by absorption. 

There is only one known substance that fulfills these requirements 
with absolute practical completeness. 
This Material is CORK. 

What Is Cork? 

Cork is the outer layer of the bark of an evergreen species of 
Oak. It is indigenous to Southern Europe, the North African Coast 
generally, but principally cultivated m Portugal, Spain and Algeria. 
The trees reach a height of 30 feet and more. 

By annual additions from within, this outer layer of the Cork 
Oak gradually becomes a soft, thick, homogeneous mass possessing the 
compressibility and elasticity upon which depend the economic value 
of the material. 

When the trees are fifteen or twenty years old the first stripping 
of the outer bark takes place. The yield at this time — of rough, un- 
equal and woody texture — is called Virgin Cork. It is useful for rustic 
ornamentation work in ferneries, conservatories, etc. 

Subsequently the bark is removed at intervals of eight or ten 
years; the quality of the cork improves with each subsequent stripping; 
the trees live and thrive under this operation for a hundred years and 
more. 

The trees are stripped usually during the months of July and 
August. Two cuts are made around the trunk, one a little above the 
ground and the other immediately under the low branches. Between 
these cuts three or four longitudinal incisions are made ; the utmost 
care being taken not to injure the under bark. The cork is then re- 
moved in sections by the wedge-shaped handle of the implement used 
in making the incisions. 

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The strips are collected into big piles which are left to season for 
several weeks. They are then placed into large water vats or steamed 
to soften the outer woody coating, called bark. The application 
"belly" is given the inner side next to the tree. 

Now follows the operation of scraping off the hard bark and 
flattening the sheets. After being sorted into many grades of different 
qualities and thicknesses the sheets are compressed into bales of about 
1 50 lbs. each, ready for shipment. 

Uses of Cork 

The uses of cork are many and diversified. Its compressibility 
and elasticity, specific gravity and imperviousness to air and water fit 
it for many purposes and uses for which it has no satisfactory substitute. 
Among these — Cork Insulation takes first rank. 

Cork was intended by nature to be an insulator. While still on 
the tree it prevents the scorching sun and the parching tropical winds 
of the country of its origin from drying up the tree's life-givmg sap. 




Natural Cork Magnified 120 Diameters 

Under the microscope is revealed its peculiar structure which 
gives cork its unequalled natural supremacy as an insulator. As shown 
on the illustration there may be seen a numberless mass or air cells. 
These are spherical in shape showing no spaces between the cells and 
with such slight inter-cellular material that it would be impossible to 
crowd more air cells into an equal space. On account of this structural 
character, cork has no capillarity. 

It is impermeable to water and air: its crowning advantage as 
an insulator. 



11 



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Cork Waste 

The cork used by the manufacturers of insulating materials is 
called cork shavmgs or waste. This material is a by-product of cork 
factories. It consists of trimmings of the cork bark as it is being pre- 
pared for packing; pieces too small for the manufacture of solid cork 
articles ; strips out of which cork stoppers have been cut and shavings 
obtained in the tapering of cork stoppers. 

It will be of interest to know that this so-called waste or shavings 
represents more than sixty per cent of the raw material — cork bark — 
used by the manufacturers of solid cork articles. These shavmgs are 
collected from hundreds of factories all over Europe and America, 
compressed into bales and shipped to cork insulation or linoleum plants. 

The principal countries of export are Portugal, Spam, France and 
Algeria. The United States imports annually about 50,000 tons of 
cork shavings, used mostly in the manufacture of cork insulation and 
linoleum. 




Collecting Cork Waste in Cork Factor}^ in New York City 



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12 



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Our Products 

At our plant at Lyndhurst, N. J., we manufacture the following 
products : 

GRANULATED, NATURAL CORK in all sizes of granulation. 

REGRANULATED CORK obtained from corkboard trimmings. 

STAR CORKBOARD (WATERPROOFED) 94% pure natural cork 
and 6% odorless waterproof binder. No regranulated cork is used in 
this board. 

CRESCENT CORKBOARD, baked pure natural cork, no foreign 
bmder is used in this board. 

ECONOMY CORKBOARD, made from screened regranulated cork 
— with same waterproof binder as is used for STAR. 

CORK TILE FLOORING, made without foreign binder from the 
finest grade of selected cork shavings as obtained in the manufacture 
of tapered bottle corks. 

CORK BRICK, mixture of fine granulated natural cork with a 
special asphaltic binder. 

Also in the course of completion CORK PIPE COVERING. 
Granulated Cork 

The first commercial article for insulation purposes obtained from 
cork shavings is Granulated Cork. The shavings or waste is passed 
through suitable grinding mills, adjusted so that the largest pieces will 
not exceed %", Vii", V4\ or even smaller sizes. 

These grades can be furnished screened, i. e., freed from dust, or 
unscreened — %" unscreened is the customary grade used for insulation 
purposes and unless otherwise specified is always supplied. 



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A Pile of Granulated Cork 

For years a great deal of this material has been used for insulating 
walls, ceilings, partitions and around sides of tanks, where the use of 
corkboard would be impracticable. 

Mixtures of sizes of granulated cork too small to be used for 



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Corkboards are known as C. S. Granulated Cork 8/12, 8/20, 12/20 
(meaning that they are sifted through screens of eight or twelve meshes 
to the inch, and over screens twelve or twenty meshes to the inch). 
They have a very high insulating value at low cost. Their weight is 
somewhat heavier than that of the regular Granulated Cork. 

Natural Granulated Cork is much superior to other loose fillings on 
account of cork's natural characteristics, such as being odorless, non- 
absorbent, not supporting fire, nor being subject to decay. Its heat 
conductivity is also lower than that of any other loose filling ordinarily 
used for th:s purpose. 

Regranulatecl Cork 

This IS a by-product obtained m the manufacture of cork boards. 
It consists of ground saw trimmings, damaged or broken boards, etc. 
It provides an excellent filler where cork m solid form cannot be used. 
Its specific gravity is less than that of any of the grades of Natural 
Granulated Cork, and since it has gone through a process of baking, it 
is also more waterproof. Its color is a dark brown. It should be well 
packed to prevent settling, it is scme:yhat inconvenient to handle 
since it is dusty and soils whatever it touches, but its insulation value is 
slightly higher than that of Granulated Natural Cork. 

The grade mostly used, is what is known as "Mixed," a mixture 
of fine (%" mesh to dust) and coarse {Vh^ to %'') which we recom- 
mend for most purposes, as it packs well and is least apt to settle. 
But, the fine grade as well as the coarse grade can be furnished separ- 
ately, if desired. 

Cork Board 

The desirability — in modern building construction — of eliminating 
as far as possible the use of wood and to give a hard plaster finish to 
walls and ceilings of insulated rooms led up to the idea of producing 
cork in board form. 

In 1884 Dr. Carl Grunzweig of Germany invented what he called 
Cork Stone or Cork Brick. Its advantages were so apparent that an 
immediate demand sprang up throughout Europe and America. 

In the United States there are now manufactured several brands 
of compound, impregnated, and pure corkboard. 

Believing that best results could only be obtained by a careful 
study of the subject we have spared no time and efforts to produce 
the best suitable forms of corkboard for different locations and con- 
ditions. 

It is self-evident that a form of corkboard manufactured with a 
special purpose of meeting conditions where the insulation is apt to be 

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14 



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exposed to continuous, excessive moisture will not answer for places 
where a constant dry heat has to be dealt with. 

After broad research and experiment, we have developed and are 
now producmg at our factory m Lyndhurst, N. J., three forms of cork- 
board which are most suitable for these varying conditions — viz. "Star" 
and "Economy" Corkboards, both waterproofed, and " Crescent" Cork- 
board, pure cork. 



Star ( Waterproof) Corkboard 

This product has a number of advantages over pure corkboard. 

It IS permanently waterproof. 

The immunity of Star Corkboard against any ordinary dampness 
places it in a class by itself, for such purposes as insulating wet floors, 
damp walls, bottoms of tanks, cooling apparati, underground work 
and many other conditions under which pure corkboard could not 
reasonably be expected to maintain its efficiency. 

Star Corkboard is unusually solid and strong — very little inferior 
in this respect to ordinary building lumber. Its strength is a great 
advantage in floors, where heavy loads are carried. A surface coat 
of three inches of concrete secures a rigid, permanently satisfactory 
floor strong enough for the heaviest trucking and storage. 

Strong and inexpensive partitions can be erected with one course 
of Star Corkboard set on edge, plastered on each side. 

The heat conductivity of Star Corkboard for 1 " thick is within 1 
B. T. U. per square foot of the lightest pure corkboard made. Care- 
ful tests, devised to assure exact data, give Star Corkboard a heat 
transmission value of 7 B. T. U. per square foot, 1 inch thick per 
degree diff. per 24 hours. These tests were made under and super- 
vised by Prof. Frederick L. Pryor, M. E., of Stevens Institute of 
Technology of Hoboken, N. J. They have been issued in pamphlet 
form. Copies will be sent upon request. 

Star Corkboard is manufactured from the best grade granulated 
natural cork. Every granule is thinly but thoroughly coated with a 



HHlEMiHi^ 



15 



special odorless, waterproof binder and then compressed into board 
form. It is not subjected to extreme heat or undue pressure during 
the process. We mention this because extreme pressure destroys the 
cellular structure, while excessive heat destroys the life of the cork. 
In Star Brand Corkboard the granules of cork do not exceed ^^'^ 
Thus voids to be filled with waterproofing are very small and allow the 
maximum amount of pure cork in proportion to the mixture to be used. 
To be exact, the proportions are 94% pure cork and 6% of water- 
proof binder, by volume. 




Three laj'ers of 2" Star Cork Board. Lone Star Brewery, San Antonio, Texas. 

The waterproof bmder used m Star Corkboard has a heat con- 
ductivity of its own from 9 to 10 B. T. L.'s — a fact of considerable 
importance m the choice of a proper insulator. 

Tests made at our plant and b}' the National Board of Fire Lnder- 
writers Laboratories at Chicago pro\'ed the great fire-resistmg quality 
of Star Corkboard. 

With due allowance for the slight difference in conductivity — the 
insulating value of Star Corkboard dollar for dollar is as great as that 

of any high grade pure corkboard. 



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16 



WNirrEIi CORK COM 



Economy Corkboard 

The Economy Brand of Corkboard has been put on tlie market 
for the purpose of meetmg the demands for a cheaper Corkboard than 
either the "Crescent" or "Star"" brand. It is made from selected re- 
granulated cork \\-hich has been carefully screened and sifted, and 
mechanically mixed with the same Corkboard Binder as is used for 
our Star Corkboard. 

The heat retarding value of the Economy Corkboard is naturally 
somewhat less than that of the Crescent Corkboard and it has not quite 
the structural strength of the Star Corkboard, but it combines all the 
other advantageous qualities of both of these two brands. We can 
conscientiously recommend Economy Corkboard for many purposes 
where investment is a prime lactor to be considered by intending 
buyers. 

Economy Corkboard, although a httle lighter m weight, is classi- 
fied the same as Star Corkboard for all shipping purposes. It can be 
substituted for either Crescent or Star Corkboard m many of the speci- 
fications calling for these two brands. 



IllUu^illuiulillliJIIlJailiJ: 

i: 



:SSBSSSSSSB 






DAVID i DAVIS &C0. 

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS 

CHICAGO. 



Central Cold Storage Companj', Chicago, 111. Four million cubic feet of Cold 
Storage Space. Largest Modern Cold Storage Warehouse in the World. 
Insulation furnished and erected by The United Cork Companies of New 
York. Fifty carloads of Crescent Corkboard were used in this Building. 



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Crescent (Pure) Corkboard 

In Europe, the home of pure corkboard, it is generally employed 
under conditions where little moisture is encountered. In the United 
States pure corkboard is brmgmg good results m all kinds of cold 
storage work. Naturally it has not the same structural strength as Star 
Corkboard, but it is adaptable for all kinds of construction. 




Showing Wall Insulation Consisting of Two Laj'ers of 2" Crescent 

Corboard Embedded in yi inch Cement against Brick Walls. 

P. Berry & Sons', Inc., Plant, Hartford, Conn. 



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20 



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Crescent Corkboard is 100% pure screened, granulated cork. 
The cork is carefully sifted — the granules being from %' to '^2'^'' in 
diameter — thoroughly mixed, so that the smaller granules fill up the 
voids between the larger pieces and produce a uniformly even board. 

After being filled into iron moulds, compressed to the thickness 
of the board desired, the granulated cork is baked for several hours 
at a moderate temperature. No foreign binder is used. The heat 
liquifies the natural gum of the cork and binds the particles upon cooling. 
This gum or sap has the additional advantageous quality: that of 
acting as a natural waterproofing. Baked granulated cork is less 
absorbent and more waterproof than the natural cork itself. 

An illustration of the waterproof quality of baked granulated cork 
may be had by heaping a bag or two of fine regranulated cork upon the 
open ground exposed to the weather. Neither rain, nor snow nor fog 
will penetrate beyond the surface for more than a fraction of an inch. 
Even after being thus exposed for years, the cork will be found to be 
perfectly dry and sound below the surface. 

The U. S. Navy requires that Pure corkboard when boiled for four 
hours shall expand not over 2% in any direction. Crescent (Pure) 
Corkboard fully meets this requirement. 




An Effective Use of Crescent Corkboard Insulation in the 
Plant of the Sherman Ice Co., Sherman, Texas. 



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21 



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Ward & Ward Bakery 
Buffalo, N. Y. 



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ighton, Mass. 




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Adelphia Hotel 
/3^Ia, Pa 



This group including 
a Fish Pier, Hospital, 
Bakery and Hotels typ- 
ifies the wide scope of 
purposes for which our 
Cork Insulation has 
proved adaptable. 




22 



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Crescent Corkboard has the highest non-conductive value of any 
commercial msulator. 

Many and varied tests place the heat conductivity of pure cork- 
board at 6.4 B. T. U.'s per sq. ft. 1" thick per degree difference m 
temperature per 24 hours. 

Tests conducted for us by Prof. Frederick Pryor, of Stevens' In- 
stitute of Technology, give Crescent Corkboard a rating close to 6 B. 
T. U.'s and less which represents an insulatmg capacity unexcelled by 
any other product. The tests referred to were conducted with a 
sincere view of evolving definite and incontrovertible facts. To attain 
this neither expense nor effort was spared. 

Claims for a better efficiency have been made, but conditions at 
laboratories are never duplicated m actual practice, and the slightest 
variation of conditions under which tests are made, v/i!l give vastly 
different results. 

We consider Prof. Pryor's experiments the greatest forv^^ard step 
of the establishment of a standard test that has ever been made. 
These tests have been issued m pamphlet form. Copies will be sent 
upon request. 

In presenting Crescent Corkboard — we sincerelj^ believe that we 
are offering a product superior to any similar article ever evolved, 
either in America or m Europe. 

We think we are meeting the efficiency issue thoroughly when we 
unequivocally guarantee that Crescent Corkboard is unexcelled m quality 
or efficienc}^ by any other board on the market. 

SUMMARY 

Before leaving the subject, we wish to sum up the features, 
which combined, make corkboard insulation the best and most eco- 
nomic form of insulation for all refrigerating plants. 

First — Corkboard insulation provides the Maximum Amount of 
Insulation Efficiency because it embodies the largest proportion of the 
substance whose heat conductivity is less than that of any other known 
substance that can be commercially used for the purpose, i. e., "Air". 

Second ■ — Corkboard insulation allowing compact construction oc- 
cupies a Minimum of Space, thiis assuring increased storage capacity. 
That this saving of space is a factor of greatest importance may be seen 
by the following example : 

If a building 100' x 100' x 50', designed to carry a temperature of 
30° (F., is insulated with Corkboard, but 4" of cork for the walls, 
floor and ceiling will be required. Erecting the Corkboard in two 
courses with cement mortar; walls and ceiling finished with ^" cement 
plaster and the floor with a 4" concrete wearing floor, the space occu- 
pied by the insulation itself will be but 19.760 cubic feet. Air space 
construction of the same non-conductive value made up of 1" boards 



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23 



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and 1" air spaces would require 10 air spaces and 11 boards, i. e., 21" 
in all. Thus, this form of insulation would take up about four times 
the space occupied by the Corkboard, viz. : 66,981 cubic feet. 

Records kept of investment costs of cold storage buildings show 
a variation of from 35 cents to 45 cents per cubic foot for land, 
building and insulation. 

Hence, the space gained by using corkboard, i. e., 47,221 cubic 
feet is worth from $16,527 to $21,249 ; or," figuring the returns derived 
from the saved space at an average of 1 cent per month per cubic 
foot, an annual gain of $5,666.52 can be made. In smaller buildings 
the saving will be still greater. 




Illustrating Cork Insulation in Hotel and 
Institution Kitchens. 

Third — Corkboard insulation remains Permanently Efficient. It 

has no capillarity. It resists moisture, hence undergoes no alteration 
in its insulation properties. 

Fourth — Corkboard requires No Expense for Repairs. Once 
erected in a proper workmanlike manner it will stay put and last 
as long as the building itself. 

Fifth — Corkboard being non-absorbent, germ and vermin proof, 
not subject to decay, is Free from Odor and AbsoluteSy Sanitary — 
features of greatest importance in rooms or buildings where perishable 
products are stored — such as milk, butter, eggs, meats, etc., etc., 
which are easily affected or subject to contamination. 



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24 



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Sixth — Corkboard insulation directly applied to the surfaces and 
finished with cement plaster %'' thick is the only form of insulation 
that provides an Actual Fire Protection. 




Cork Insulated Refrigerators in Large State Institution. 

Corkboard — ^and this applies to Star as well as Crescent — is slow 
to ignite. After being ignited it will not support combustion unless 
outside fuel and draft is contmuously supplied. Left to itself the ignited 
cork will extinguish of itself. 

The National Board of Fire Underwriters of Chicago has approved 
corkboard insulation constructed of two courses of 2" each set into a 



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26 



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V>'' bed of cement mortar with a cement plaster finish, and this form of 
insulation will help to reduce fire insurance rates. 

Seventh — Corkboard has SUPERIOR STRUCTURAL STRENGTH 
as compared with any other insulator. It can be used for the erection 
of partitions without any other supports and laid in floors carrying 
the heaviest loads without risk of deflection. This is particularly true 
of our Star Brand Corkboard. If interested let us send you a pam- 
phlet on Compression Tests by Prof. Pryor. 

Corkboard can be built up the same as brick and sawed, trimmed 
and nailed the same as lumber. 

Any competent mechanic can erect it. 




Room in Plant of Jacob Dold Packing Co., Buffalo, N. Y. 

Eighth — Corkboard in spite of its somewhat higher initial cost of 
installation is THE MOST FXONOMIC INSULATION that can be used 
when efficiency and permanent service are considered. 

The feature of expense being frequently of vital importance as 
to how much insulation should be employed, we give below a calcula- 
tion based on conditions ordinarily to be found in the latitudes of the 
United States. This will illustrate the advantages and the saving that 
will be effected by the use of corkboard. 



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Taking a room 25' x 50' x 10' with 13" brick walls, 6" concrete ceiling and 6" 
concrete floor, located in New York City (mean annual temperature about 52° F.) 
to be kept at a temperature of 30° F., a saving of $686.70 per year will be effected, 
if the room is insulated with 4" of Corkboard vs. an uninsulated room of the same 
size and under the same conditions. If such a room is to be kept at a temperature 
of Zero F., the saving effected runs up to the formidable sum of $1,679.85 per year, 
assuming in this instance that 6" of Corkboard was used for the insulated room. 

Let us examine these figures in detail. 



(l) — Uninsulated. 



A — ROOM KEPT AT 30° F. 



Let us designate: 

The area of Walls (25 + 50) 2 x 10 - 1500 sq. ft. as W. 

The area of Ceilings 25x50 = 1250 sq. ft. as C. 

The area of Floor 25 x 50 = 1250 sq. ft. as F. 

Let US further designate the known heat transmissions through the walls, ceil- 
ing and floor per sciuare foot per degree difference in temperature per 2-4 hours, as 
follows : 



13" Brick Wall —viz.: 7.926 B. T. U. as WT. 

6" Concrete Ceiling— viz. : 17.200 B. T. U. as CT. 
6" Concrete Floor — viz.: 17.200 B. T. U. as FT. 



and 



30°) 



The deg. diff. in temp. (52° 
The No. of days in the year 
The No. of B. T. U.'s per ton of 



ref.a 



-viz. 


22° as 


D. 


viz. : 


365 as 


Y 


-viz. 


288,000 as 


R. 



Then the following example will represent the refrigeration required to take up 
the heat transmitted into an uninsulated room in one year ; 



W X WT X D X Y 



>31.5 Tons 



CXCTXDXY 



-599.5 Tons 



F X FT X D X Y 



:599.5 Tons 



A TOTAL OF 



1530.5 Tons of Refg 



(2) — Insulated zvith tivo courses of 2" inch Corkboard. 

Let us again designate the known heat transmissions through the walls, ceil- 
ing and floors insulated with two courses of 2" Corkboard per square foot per 
degree difference in temperature per 24 hours, as follows : 

13" Brick Walls; 4" cork and IV2" P- C. Mortar— viz. : 1.38 B. T. U.'s' as WT' 

6" Concrete Ceiling; 4" cork and 1 Vo " P. C. Mortar— viz. : 1.452 B. T. U.'s as CT' 
6" Concrete Floor; 4" cork and 4 " wearing floor — viz.: 1.4 B. T. LT.'s as FT' 

The refrigeration required to take up the heat transmitted into the insulated 
room in one vear will be 



W X WT' X D X Y 
R 

C X CT' X D X Y 



:57.7 Tons 



= 50.7 Tons 



= 48.7 Tons 



F X FT' X D X Y 

R 

OR A TOTAL OF 157.1 Tons of Refg. 

Thus by using an insulated room 1530.5 — 157.1=1373.4 tons of refrigeration 
will be saved' every year. At an estimated cost of 50c. per ton of refrigeration the 
.saving will come to $686.70. 



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( 1 ) — Uii insula ted. 



B. — ROOM KEPT AT ZERO F. 



Using the same example as under "A" the only change being the value of "D", 
difference in temperature (now 52° — 0°^52°) the result shows 

VV X VVT X D^ X Y =TS3.5 Tons 
R 

C X CT X D' X V =1416.9 Tons 



F X FT X V" X Y 



rinii.O Tors 



R 

OR A TOTAL OF 3617.3 Tons of Refg. Required. 

(:.') — Insulated zvitli ttvv courses of 3" Corkboard. 

The heat transmitted through the walls, ceiling and floors insulated with two 
courses of 3" Crescent Corkboard per degree difference in temperature per 24 
hours is 

13" Brick Walls 6" cork and IVo" P. C. Mortar — viz. : .956 P.. T. U.'s as VVT" 

6" Concrete Ceiling; 6" cork and I'/L," P. C. Mortar — viz. : 1.00 B. T. U.'s as CT" 
6" Concrete Floor; 6" cork and 4 " wearing floor — viz.: .98 B. T. U.'s as FT" 

With these changed values our example shows the following result : 
W X WT" X D' X Y =94.5 Tons 



C X CT" X D' X Y 



R 

F X FT" X D' X Y 



1 82.4 Tons 
= 80.7 Tons 



R 
OR A TOTAL OF 257.6 Tons Refg. Required. 

Thus by using the insulated room 3617.3 — 257.6=3359.7 tons of refrigeration 
will be saved. At an estimated cost of 50c. per ton this amounts to $1,679.85, as 
stated above. 

At the current prices for material and labor including the concrete wearing 
floor and plaster finish : 

The cost of insulating a room as used for Example "A" amounts to $1,476.00 

The cost of insulating a room as used for Example "B" amounts to $1,940.00 

Accordingly, the annual return on the investiuent for the insulation represents : 
46.5% for a room to be kept at 30° F. Example "A". 

and 
86.6% for the room kept at Zero F. Example "B". 

These results have been based upon the mean annual temperature of New 
\'ork City. For any locality having a higher mean annual temperature, which takes 
in the entire South and South-West, this saving will be still greater. It will be in 
direct proportion to the increase in the mean annual temperature. 

Surely such returns cannot be ignored. They may spell success or failure to 
the enterprise. 



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29 



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Various Other Uses of Corkboard 

Ihe possibilities of corkboard are by no means confined to cold 
storage insulation. 

More and more — the advantages of Corkboard Insulation are being 
recognized and made use of for such purposes as follow: 

INSULATING RESIDENCES— Where roofs of residences are in- 
sulated with Corkboard it removes from the upper rooms the discom- 
fort from cold in the winter and heat in the summer. If the Cork- 
board is used for walls as well it will insure a great saving of fuel 
in the winter. Excellent cooling effects are also obtained where roofs 
of porches are insulated with Corkboard. These uses are being adopted 
more and more in this country, while in Europe they have long been 
recognized as practical facts. 




The Roof and All Walls of this Residence were Insulated 
with Corkboard 



The residence in the accompanying illustration was completely 
insulated with ]'' of Crescent Corkboard, roof and walls, including 
built-in refrigerator. The saving of coal alone has been determined 
at more than 20%. Of greater value does the owner consider the 
added comfort during the extreme seasons. 



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30 



mm 



AIR COOLING — Wherever air cooling is desired or necessary as 
for Fever Rooms in Hospitals, Restaurants, Hotels, Theatres, Offices, 
Churches, Laboratories, etc., corkboard is employed with great eco- 
nomic results. 

SOUND AND VIBRATION PROOFING — Surprising results are 
obtained by the use of a layer of corkboard under machinery of all 
kinds, fans, motors, stampmg presses, etc., etc. Laid on the floors 
of drill rooms corkboard will effectually prevent sound penetrating 
to lower floors. 

PROVIDING FOR RESILIENCY— As an under layer of other forms 
of floormg, Corkboard will provide a resiliency so much desired and 
appreciated in gymnasiums, athletic courts, dance floors, etc. Cork- 
board has been used in many places for this purpose with excellent 
results. 

CONDENSATION PREVENTION— Where condensation from con- 
crete or other roofs occurs, as is the case m flour mills, chemical 
works and other industrial buildings a layer of corkboard put on the 
roof slab will entirely overcome this trouble even with an inside and 
outside temperature difference of 100 F. 

RAILWAY CARS — Refrigerator, Passenger, Tank, and in fact 
all transportation cars are embraced m the field of practical insulation 
with Corkboard. We insulated over 300 cars during the summer of 
1915. 




Showing One of 300 Refrigerator Cars Insulated with 
Corkboard during the Summer of 1915. 

BATTLESHIPS — The obvious necessity of insulation against ex- 
plosions in a powder magazine immediately suggests the use of Cork- 
board for this purpose. Crescent Corkboard has been used in a large 
number of battleships of the U. S. Navy. We have furnished several 



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33 



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hundred thousand feet during the last few years for this purpose. Our 
most recent installation was in the dreadnaught Arizona, recently put 
into service. 

Some general idea of the various uses to which Corkboard has been 
put may be gained from the following list showing industries to which 
we have furnished Corkboard during the last year or two. 



This list, at best, can be considered but partial: 



Agricultural Works 

Automobile Manufacture 

Bakeries 

Battleships (Magazine Cooling) 

Bleaching Works 

Blast Furnaces (Air Drying) 

Bottling Works of all kinds 

Breweries, Beer Storage 

Brine Tanks 

Canning Industries 

Candle Manufacture 

Celluloid Works 

Cheese Factories 

Chemical Plants 

Chocolate Manufacture 

Cider Works 

Cigar Factories, Cigar Storage 

Cold Air Plants 

Condenseries 

Cotton Mills 

Creameries 

Dairies 

Dehydrating 

Department Stores 

Distilleries 

Dredges, etc. 

Dyeing Works 

Egg Freezing 

Electrical Supply Plants 

Experiment Station Work 

Explosives, Manufacture and 

Storage 
Filtering j:'lants 
Fish Freezing, Storage 
Florists 

Fruit Handling 
Fur Storage 
Glass Factories 
Glue Factories 
Grocery Stores 



Hospitals 

Humidors 

Ice Skating Rinks 

Ice and Ice Cream Delivery 
Wagons 

Incubators 

Ink Manufacture 

Isinglass Factories 

Laboratory Work 

Lard Refining 

Laundries 

Leather Factories 

Liquid Air Manufacture 

Liquor Stores 

Malt and Malt Extract Man- 
ufacture 

Match Factories 

Meat Markets, Curing, Storas 

Markets 

Medical Treatment 

Cold Roms for Fever Pa- 
tients 

Mercerizing Works 

Mining and Smelting 

Morgues 

Nurserymen 

OfiRce Buildings (Cooling 
Drinking Water) 

Oil Refining 

Oleomargerine Factories 

Optical Instrument Manufacture 

Oyster Handling 

Ozonating Plants 

Packing Houses 

Paint Works 

Paper Mills 

Paraffine Works 

Perfumery Factories 

Photo Material Manufacture 



Precooling 

Produce and Vegetable Mer- 
chants 
Prolonged Animal Hibernation 
(bilk Worms, Ladybugs> 
Public Buildings 
Railroad Stations 
Railroad Cars 
Rendering Works 
Residence Cooling 
Restaurants 
Rubber Plants 
Salt Refining 
Sausage Manufacture 
Saw Mills 
Silk Mills 
Shaft Sinking 
Soap Factories 
e Steamships 
Steel Works 

Street Pipe I>ine Refrigeration 
Sugar Refining 
Sulphite Fibre Works 
Syrup Factories 
Tanneries 
Testing Plants 
Thermometer Manufacture 
Tobacco Factories 
Turkish Baths 
Varnish Works 
Vaults and Safes 
Vinegar Factories 
Watch Factories 
Weaving Sheds 
Wineries 
Woolen Mills 
Yeast Manufacture 
Zinc Shavings 



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33 



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Cork Bricks 

Star Cork Bricks are made from granulated natural cork mixed 
with a specially refined asphalt binder. 

The mixing process is continued until all the granules of the 
cork are thoroughly coated and bound together. The wearing qual- 
ities and service of cork bricks depend upon the thoroughness of 
this mixing process. Therefore the greatest care is exercised through- 
out the operation. 

In Star Cork Bricks no granules are used that are too large to 
go through a %" mesh. This gives density and solidity. The as- 
phalt binder has a high melting point and when mixed with the fine 
ground Cork about 30% asphalt and 70% cork makes an unexcelled 
flooring wherever animals are kept. 

The additional advantages of warmth and resiliency render 
Cork Brick ideal for this particular purpose. 

The character of the bricks keeps them from becoming hard 
and cold, and thus protects the animals from the distempers caused 
by cold floors. 

Such a floor also insures a comfortable, easy and non-slippery 
footing — absolutely sanitary. Thus for stables, barns, hog and sheep 
pens, and particularly cow stables — Star Cork Bricks are ideally 
adapted. 

For pavements and floors in and around workshops and ware- 
houses, especially where fragile goods are manufactured, Star Cork 
Bricks are highly recommended, since they will save much of the 
breakage and damage that would otherwise be caused by falling of 
breakable goods. 

34 



<1IB> 

Ili.uUlll 



SHIHiEEISE^^^ 



An ordinary workman can lay Star Cork Bricks. The bricks 
may be laid over wood floors, after protecting the wood with a layer 
of asphalt. 

However, the best practice is to provide a foundation of concrete. 
See specification No. 23 on page 99. 

Star Cork Bricks are T'y. A'\ 9'^ and as they are laid flat four 
of them will cover a square foot. Each brick weighs about 2V^. lbs. 
For shipping information, freights, etc., see pages 145 to 149. 

Crescent Cork Tile or Flooring 





Crescent Cork Tiles are the ideal flooring for all places where 
the greatest amount of comfort, combined with real sanitary con- 
ditions are desired. 

Crescent Cork Tilmg laid in the Office, Library, Club, Hospital, 
School, Church, Bath and Public Buildings of all kinds, will do away 
with many of the strains that sap our nervous system. It will add 
to our comfort, during the hours of our work and study as well as 
during the hours of leisure and recreation. 

A floor laid with Crescent Cork Tiles, being absolutely noise- 
less, acts as a sound insulator for the floor above and below. Be- 
sides, being always warm to the foot, non-slippery and elastic to 
the tread, it gives an incomparable ease in walking as well as stand- 
ing, and in this respect is superior to any other flooring that can be 
used. It can be scrubbed with soap and water, and as it is imper- 
vious to liquids, does not warp or open at the joints. It will not 
deteriorate, absorb water or allow it to seep through. It is there- 
fore more sanitary than either hardwood, marble, artificial stone floor- 
ing, as well as rubber and linoleum coverings. Oils and greases will 
not affect it. 



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35 



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Cork Tile Floor in Church of St. Martin of Tours. 



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36 



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Although somewhat more expensive as to first outlay, it will 
prove to be a most economical floormg. It needs no repairs. 
Should, through an accident, a few of the tiles become damaged, 
they can easily be replaced without disturbing the rest of the flooring. 

Crescent Cork Tiles consist of pure granulated cork shavings 
obtained in the manufacture of high grade Cork Stoppers. The shav- 
ings are carefully freed from all hard pieces and foreign matter. 

The proper quantity of cork shavings are placed into iron forms or 
moulds, and under powerful hydraulic pressure their volume is com- 
pressed about 1 2 to 1 . The forms are conveyed into ovens and baked 
for several hours, after which the tiling is ready for cutting and 
polishing. 




Crescent Cork Tiles are made in three different shades, Hght, 
medium and dark. They can be cut to any size from 3" x 3'^ to 
12^^x12" or Oblong sizes such as 2" x 4", 6" x 9", 6"x12", 
9''xl2'^ 12"x36". A square foot V^" thick is the standard; 
weight, about 20 ounces. 

By a judicious choice of shades and sizes, neat and attractive 
designs can be obtained. In connection with the flooring we also 
furnish a cork cove and base which will greatly improve the sanitary 
conditions and add to the attractiveness of the flooring. See Speci- 
fication No. 47, on page 143. 

If the installation is entrusted to us or our authorized agents, 
we will give a full guarantee covering the perfect workmanship as 
well as the wearing quahty and services of the flooring. 

37 



■ECIEiailiS^ 



Conclusion 

The judicious selection of the proper cork product is a matter 
governed by individual conditions that attach to each particular 
case. 

For each purpose and under each condition there is one "best 
to use". We can assist you to choose this one best! 

Our broad experience with Cork in every conceivable form of 
construction, in all climates and under all conditions has given our 
organization of experts an impressively broad practical knowledge. 

The fruits of their experience are yours for the asking; we are 
always at the command of interested seekers of information upon 
any phase of Cork Installation. 

Do not hesitate to ask our co-operation in solving your problems 
• — whatever they may be. 



lill^n»W¥T™T"F'"liiP''""ir'™T'''^l'F1illl(P'^T""¥"'IPl^^^ 



38 



IIIE! 



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IDnlllllyillllllliui 



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Construction T)ata 



PART II 
(Pages 39 to 50 mclusive) 



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InliUluinniUiiindllnllllliiiaua 



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rttluitiiijilliuiUill 



General Recommendations and Suggestions Relating to 
Construction and Installation 

In designing the proper insulation there are several factors to 
be considered which are likely to be different in every plant. They 
are: 

1. — The temperatures to be maintained in the refrigerated rooms 
as well as the temperature outside surrounding the cold 
rooms. 

2.- — Climatic and atmospheric conditions. 

3. — The kmd of building, whether Frame, Brick, Stone, Concrete 
or Hollow Building Blocks. 

4. — The thickness of walls, ceiling and floors to which the in- 
sulation is to be applied. 

5. — The kind of goods to be stored in the rooms. 

6. — The cost of producing refrigeration. 

Subject to these factors we have compiled the following tables 
giving thicknesses of Corkboard that should be used for the various 
temperatures mdicated. Under ordmary conditions these thicknesses 
have been found to give most economic results. 



liiilllaiiUuiliiJbunnillu.nilllillillllllu,,adllii..dlli,.IOlillJkJliilll)A 



40 



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IIialluillllliiUIIOiiiiiTilliiiiiillllllllllllllllluuiiiilliiiiiUl 



«_— - 



nniinirniM 

iillli(lliiiiiiiiiuimiil 



TABLE OF THICKNESSES 



R.OOMS OR. BUILDINGS 

THICKNESSES OF CORKBOARD RECOMMENDED FOR 



Range of 
Temperatures 



Below -15°F. 
-15°F. to -5°F. 



-5°F. 
10° F. 
25°F. 
40°F 
50°F. 
60° F. 



to 10°F. 
to 25° F. 
to 40°F. 
to 50° F. 

to 65°F. 
& above. 



Walls 



Crescent Star 

8" 1 9 " 

7" ' 8 " 

6" ; 7 " 

5" I 5^" 

4" 41^" 

3" ' 3 " 

9// I 9 tr 



Ceilings 


Crescent 


Star 


8" 


9 " 


7" 


8 " 


6" 


7 " 


5" 


5^" 


4" 


4/2" 


3" 


3 " 


2" 


2 " 



Floors 


Floors 






On Ground 


Above Ground 


Roofs 


Crescent 


Star 


Crescent 


Star 


Crescent 


Star 


7" 


7" 


8" 


9 " 


9" 


9 " 


6" 


6" 


7" 


8 " 


8" 


8 " 


5" 


5" 


6" 


™ // 


I 


IV2" 


4" 


4" 


5" 


0V2" 


6" 


7 " 


3" 


3" 


4" 


W2" 


5" 


6 " 


2" 


0" 


3" 


3 " 


4" 


5 " 






2" 


2 " 


3" 

2" 


4 " 
2 " 



FREEZING TANKS 

THICKNESoES OF CORKBOARD RECOMMENDED FOR 



Bottoms 


Sides 


If placed on 
foundation laid 
on ground. 


If placed on 
floor above 
ground. 


If placed di- 
rectly over re- 
frigerated 
rooms. 


Granulated 
Cork only. 


Granulated Cork and 
Oorkboard combined. 


Crescent 

Minimum 5" 
Preferably 6" 


Star 

5" 

6" 


Crescent 
5" 
6" 


Star 
6" 

7" 


Crescent 
. 4" 
4" 


Star 

4" 

4" 


8" 
12" 


Granulated, Crescent Star 
^oT,"^- ! 4" 4" 

\n 3" 1 3" 
.„ 9" 1 0" 



CYLINDRICAL COOLERS, TANKS AND FILTERS 
FOR COLD LIQUIDS 

THICKNESSES OF CORKBOARD RECOMMENDED FOR 



Range of Temperatures 


Sides 


Top 


Bottom 




Crescent 


Crescent 


Crescent 


Below 0°F 


6 " 


6 " 


6 " 


0°F. to 10°F 


5 " 


5 " 


5 " 


10°F. to 25°F 


4 " 


4 " 


4 " 


25°F. to 45°F 


3 " 


3 " 


3 " 


45°F. to 55°F 


2 " 


2 " 


2 " 


55°F. & above 


l>-2" 


WJ' 


li<" 



CYLINDRICAL TANKS, FILTERS, Etc. 
FOR HOT LIQUIDS 

THICKNESSES OF CORKBOARD RECOMMENDED FOR 



Range of Temperatures 


Sides 


Top 


Bottom 


100°F. to 150°F 

150°F. to 190°F 

190°F. to 212°F 


Crescent 

2 " 
' 3 " 


Crescent 

IH" 

2 " 

3 " 


Crescent 

iK'" 

2 " 

3 " 



iimininniinnii|minnm|ii]ii|ipnnm||jnimmmMniimir|iw 

liJiiJliM 



Pliniraniliiiinniinnniniiniiirwii 
IllguulllLllllliiiUuJIIIIiillMiiniiilliiiiii'.lllll 



41 



IIL<iill(iyillioyiuliunnilLniiUlllllllillu„udlli.uillJiJOlillJllyliii^ 



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lluillrflluiiniiiuiuiilll 



To obtain the highest operating efficiency, however, it is neces- 
sary to employ not only the proper thicknesses of Corkboard, but 
to use the right kind of building construction as well. 

Walls and Ceilings 

One of the greatest advantages of Corkboard is that it affords 
solid construction — actually becoming a part of the building. This 
advantage is frequently counteracted by the use of improper building 
materials. 

Experience has demonstrated that air spaces in combination with 
Corkboard are detrimental to the efficiency of the insulation. They 
should be avoided for all cold storage work. Hollow building mate- 
rials are not air tight. The air m the hollow spaces surrounding a cold 
room must necessarily become cooler than the outside temperature. 
The result of this difference in temperature will cause condensation of 
the moisture in the air in the hollow spaces, and in time water will find 
its way through the joints of the insulation. 

Where hollow spaces are used or exist the surfaces should be 
made as air-tight as possible and if the insulation is applied in two 




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42 



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Reid, Murdock & Co. Plant at Chicago, 111., in which about Twelve 
Carloads of Crescent Corkboard Insulation is Installed. 

courses, all joints in the first course of Corkboard should be sealed 
with water-proofed cement before applying the second course. 

Where frame ceilings or rooms directly under attics or ventilat- 
ing lofts are insulated from the under side the joists should be left 
open on top and where ceilings are insulated from the top side or 
floor above the under side of joists should not be sheathed over, but 
left exposed. 

Columns, Beams and Girders 

In many instances too little attention has been paid to the in- 
sulation of columns, beams or girders. It is just as necessary to pro- 
tect them as any other part of the building. Particular attention 
should be given to columns in the lowest floor if the temperatures 
maintained are below freezing. The earth around the base of un- 
protected columns will freeze and expand to such an extent that 
serious damage to the building itself may occur. 

Roofs 

Adequate roof insulation is of still greater importance than that 
of floors or walls. Roofs are the greatest exposure of any build- 



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43 



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[I mm 
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• i 

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ing. Walls with northern exposure receive little or no sun; walls fac- 
ing east, south or west may be exposed for several hours, but the 
roofs get the full effect of the direct rays of the sun all day long. 
Roofs, therefore, always should receive at least one inch, but prefer- 
ably two inches more Corkboard than walls. 

Roof insulation has now also found wide adaptation in many 
lines of industries for prevention of condensation (sweating). Or- 
dinarily one course of two-inch thick Corkboard will overcome this 
trouble completely. 

Cork Partitions 

Cork partitions have remarkable strength, but are not intended 
to carry loads. This type of construction is recommended for formmg 
walls of coolers not occupying the entire story of a building, or for 
making divisions between rooms. No studding or reinforcing other 
than the cement mortar or plaster is required, excepting wooden 
frames at door or window openings. Where it is desirable not to 
build coolers to the full height of the story in which they are located, 



'r ,r.^ J if 







About Fifteen Carloads of Star and Crescent Corkboard were 
Used in Insulating this Plant of Nuckalls Packing Co., 
Pueblo, Cal. 

and it is found impracticable to suspend a ceiling from the floor 
above, the cork partitions may be reinforced with tee irons to carry 
the weight of the roof or ceiling. 

Coil Lofts or Bunkers 

In some lines of trade, for example, meat packing, the desired 
result can only be obtained if the coolers are equipped with coil 



3SI1F'"»'''^^=^'^""'"^ 



pnnm|mnnnniiiiinnjr|ii 

44 



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II ini 

llimiiiliiiiiii 



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Unudlllliiillllliri 



[iimra[nnnH|i|.i](iiim|||||pnn™mni|[||in||pn|[|iui»im^^ 



lofts or bunkers. They induce air circulation. If the floors and cur- 
tain walls of bunkers are insulated, the circulation will be promoted 
and besides condensation of moisture on the under side of the bunker 
floor will be prevented. One course of 2" or 3" Corkboard will ac- 
complish the desired result. This may be erected in hot asphalt and 
top coated with asphalt, then protected with water-proofing and con- 
crete or asphalt mastic finish ; or with % T. & G. boards covered with 
a water tight metal pan. 

Floors on Ground 

The importance of insulating ground floors is now generally 
recognized. The temperature of the ground is about 55 F., and 
remains fairly constant the year round. It is, therefore, of equal 



Loft's Candy Edctory 







ice House of 
Geo. Gould at 
N.Y. 



Fisheries 

' Co, 




Another group show- 
ing the widely varied 
industries to which 
our Insulation is emi- 
nently adapted. 






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[|)lLiihiniiajjlllli)h!LlllIlil.<(niUiaLllllllJlilLiilLl'mUll^ 



45 



■aaiasGsa^^ 



importance to insulate a floor on the ground as it is to insulate the 
walls or the ceiling. Not only will there be a great saving of re- 
frigeration, but unless the floors of freezing rooms are adequately 
insulated the ground will freeze gradually and cause an upheaval 
of the floor or even a derangement of the building's foundations. For 
this reason freezers with temperatures below 25 °F. should always be 
located in the upper stories of a building. 

Freezing Tanks 

Freezing tanks should always be well insulated. The ice making 
capacity will be increased considerably if the bottoms and sides of 
tanks are insulated with the thicknesses given in the foregoing table. 
Particular care for ample insulation should be given to the bottoms 
when placed on the ground. There are numerous cases on record where 
the bottoms of freezing tanks were forced up to such an extent that the 
tanks became useless and had to be replaced. 

For insulatmg the exposed sides of tanks, a combination of 
Corkboard and Granulated Cork is preferable to all other methodso 
On account of the lapped seams of the tanks and the protruding 
rivets, it is difficult to fit the Corkboard against the tank without leav- 
ing intervening spaces. 

Continuous Insulation 

Complete msulation of a cold storage building is attained when 
the insulation of the walls, floors and ceiling is continuous and the 
cold storage spaces of the building are completely enveloped. It is 
obvious that this type of construction will result in the greatest 
operating efficiency by reducing the loss of refrigeration to a mini- 
mum. Nearly all the large cold storages erected during the last few 
years are built along these lines. ; [^^t^V 

The section on the opposite page illustrates this present-day 
type of cold storage building construction. The building was de- 
signed for one of our large packing houses. It is of the so-called mush- 
room type, reinforced concrete construction, enclosed with brick curtain 
walls erected so as to leave sufficient space between the walls and 
edges of floor slabs, columns and beams to receive the proper thick- 
ness of insulation. The walls are entirely independent of the interior 
structure (excepting for galvanized iron anchors at intervals), and 
do not carry any of the live load of the storage. 

The building is shown greatly reduced in size and illustrates how 
a large structure may be divided in two parts and yet completely 
insulate one section by erecting a self supported (solid) cork parti- 



Eiai35lH2aZIH3iB 



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llllllUjdiillBUllI 



46 



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47 



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tion between split concrete columns and beams from the first story 
floor to the top of roof. The only break in the insulation is at points 
where iron anchors connect the walls with the interior structure. 
Nails, Discs and Skewers 
A word in regard to the use of nails, discs and skewers will not 
be amiss here. Galvanized wire nails or skewers should always be used 
in erecting Corkboard insulation. Common wire nails are useless as 
they will rust away. 

Where Corkboards are secured together, wooden skewers may 
be used. They are preferred by some engineers on account of being 




Plant of King Candy Co., Fort Worth, Texas, Insulated with Star and 
Crescent Corkboard 




Bay City Brewing Co.'s Brewery, San Diego, Cal., Insulated with 
Star Corkboard. 



IP 

IllDnllfll 



ii3aiES3Il^^ 



48 



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lJiiini|jl|li"ni||nH((||iiii||i|i]|||||||imrfflllinnm]||ii|i||ii||l[|lwniim^ 



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better non-conductors as compared to nails. Skewers should be made 
of hard wood from 3/16" to 14'' thick and V:i' to 1" longer than 
the two thicknesses of Corkboard. 

The special galvanized wire nails called for in our specifications 
are made of small gauge to reduce the amount of metal and with 
extra large flat head to give them more holdmg power. 

When two courses of Corkboard are erected to the underside 
of frame ceilings, the first course nailed and the second course 
erected in cement mortar with plaster finish, it is advisable to use 
galvanized iron discs of about 24-gauge and \Y\" diameter for se- 
curely holding the first course in place. There is considerable weight 
to the cement mortar and plaster finish which would be sufficient to 
pull the first course of Corkboard over ordinary nail heads. Two or 
three special nails and one disc to each square foot of surface is 
all that is necessary. 

A full stock of special galvanized nails, wooden skewers and 
galvanized iron discs is always carried at the factory and at all 
Branch warehouses of the United Cork Companies. 





^""B^^HFiiSiS^^ 



Port Commission Bldg., Seattle, Wash. A Million and a 

Half Feet of Crescent Corkboard was Used 

in the Insulation of this Building. 



imiljii 



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l)JliiJlllli!..iniUiiilllllJIUIniiujirLulll 



49 




Ritz-Carlton, Philadelphia 

All Refrigerators in this Hotel were built and installed by us. 
Crescent Corkboard- was used throughout. 



piimiiin n | i iniiiii | ji i n ni|[ | 



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iriiihiiUiiiyiiiiiiiiiiuniiJlhiiHidUllliilulLillllLfniyidl 

50 



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IlillbiiiiuiiUiifiUl 



■in2ii3:a^^ 



Specifications 



PART III 

(Pages 51 to 144 inclusive) 



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Specifications 

On the following pages we give detailed specifications accom- 
panied by illustrations showing practically every type of construction 
that may be employed in old as well as new buildings. 

Years of study by a corps of expert engineers have developed 
these methods of erection. We recommend that they be used as given, 
suiting the thickness of corkboard to the temperatures desired to be 
maintained. 

There will of course occur special constructions for particular 
purposes; or unusual atmospheric conditions, temperatures, etc., may 
have to be met. For such cases separate and individual consideration 
is required. We cannot too strongly advise consulting experienced 
engineers before going ahead with any work of this kind. 

Upon application any one of our offices will be pleased to give 
such aid and advice as may be asked for. Our experience as well as 
the advice of our engineers is always at the service of those interested. 



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III i ill "4 '"\* 

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lllllllll 



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52 



inrailfinm|||jimnii][|im|||^^ 

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iii.iallli<llllill,JbclliiiltlnutdIIhriiiillUlllllllliilliilllllll"<niUijliill^^ 



NOTE 



Cement Plaster Finish 

Portland Cement Plaster is the best and most durable 
finish for corkboard insulation^ but it will develop shrinkage 
cracks to some extent. The mixture of cement mortar as spe- 
cified will give best results but cannot be guaranteed to be en- 
tirely free from cracking. Such cracks, however, do not impair 
the efficiency of the insulation, and if the surfaces are scored 
off in squares as specified the cracking zuill occur in the score 
marks and will not shozu. 

The aboi^e note is referred to in all specifications call- 
ing for cement plaster finish. 



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ni'nni 



laijoJjyiii;;: 

53 



)n,iiilli,iliiilii!!iiili!i&(lllUialidllllJI<ilL»iiiibiui<>illli^ 



iDooliyLyiiilllUiinnilliuauillllilllluuudbiiiiiillllMObJIlJIIiiillll 



lbiLiXtiiMcilllilhllirlllliLfniUijy||iJliJLKl"ji!liiuiiii 



^ ^^^^ ^tv.iyvi<;Cj>^^^K;j»^r - -l Vi^'^^ ^ 



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54 



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E|mmnii[]|in(iiiim|[jiuiiiiinj[)iin|||jii 



inn||iinii 

„ Jlk;;:- 

illUlliilllilluuuiiiUiUllII 



No. 1 



WALLS— Masonry 



One Course of Corkboard 

Applied with Cement 

to Brick Concrete or Stone 
Cement Plaster Finish 

Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
may be erected according to the following specification : 
(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The walls are to be insulated with a single course of 

inch Corkboard applied with a ^" bed of Portland 

cement mortar mixed one part cement and two parts clean, 
sharp sand. Corkboards are to be butted up close making tight 
fitting joints, and all vertical joints are to be broken. The exposed 
cork surface is to be finished with approximately ^" Portland 
cement plaster applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland 
cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is 
to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored 
off in squares of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



liiuuuiuiuiillLJIIitJll.lyii! 



liilllllllullliilliiimiiiUiuilIlil 



55 



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56 



nnni|niiiii||| 

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IliiiilllllliilllilllunuiiiUiuilllil 



No. 2 



y^AlA.^— Masonry 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Applied with Cement 

to Brick Concrete or Stone 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
specification : 

(Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The walls are to be insulated with inches of 

corkboard in two courses. The first course is to be inches 

thick applied with a Y2" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed 
one part cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 

course is to be inches thick applied against the first course 

with a ^" bed of Portland cement mortar and additionally se- 
cured with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of 
proper length. All corkboards are to be butted up close making 
tight fitting joints. All vertical joints in the first course are to 
be broken and all joints in the second course are to be broken 
in both directions with the joints in the first course. The ex- 
posed cork surface is to be finished with approximately J/2" Port- 
land cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part cement 
and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated 
or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored off in squares 
of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



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lllimndlliiilllliiilliiiliJlbnmllu.iMlll{lillliiiN.uiilii.i.^ 



67 



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58 



iiiiiUl 



ifniuubil 



llllJiillLiiuilUluiUl 



ipinymni||in(iin^[jjnmi.ni||jn([miinim ^ 

fLiXniill|JlJlii)iJljlll!.,(niUiuLillllJ 



No. 3 



WALLS— Maso77ry 



One Course of Corkboard 

Applied with Asphalt Cement 

to Brick or Concrete 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Two, Three or P^our inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
may be erected according to the following specification: 
(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The walls are to be insulated with a single course of 

inch corkboard applied with hot asphalt cement. Before 

applying the corkboard the walls are to be mopped with hot 
asphalt. All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight 
fitting joints and all vertical joints are to be broken. The ex- 
posed cork surface is to be finished with approximately H" 
Portland cement plaster applied in two coats mixed one part 
Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish 
and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



uillllliiUllItiinnilliiigilllHimiliuaiidUiiiuilliy 



59 



nmni|!n[|mrnnmiiiii| 



IllllltuilirfluillllJllUlUIIIll 



raaziK;* 




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iiiiin||iinniTnRmi|{ 

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inimni||jiiinn]i 

liiiuHllliiiillI 



|ii'mpi][|i'|j'™"'lP""'')|| 

llH»lll|ridliiiilllnJliilll!IU..(niUlJiiilhJIIJLnumbiuiulll 



No. 4 



WALLS— Masonry 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Applied with Asphalt Cement 

to Brick or Concrete 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for recoinmendations of thicknesses.) 

The walls are to be insulated with inches of 

corkboard in two courses. Before applying the corkboard, the 
walls are to be mopped with hot asphalt. The first course of 
corkboard is to be inches thick applied with hot as- 
phalt cement. The second course of corkboard is to be 

inches thick applied against the first course with hot asphalt 
cement and additionally secured with wood skewers or special 
galvanized wire nails of proper length. All corkboards are to 
be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All vertical joints 
in the first course are to be broken and all joints in the second 
course are to be broken in both directions with the joints in the 
first course. The exposed cork surface is to be finished with 
approximately ^" Portland cement plaster applied in two coats 
mixed one part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. 
The second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and 
even finish and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 



See note page -53. 



iiaiasHa 



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lliflliiriiiMlUluiU 



61 



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62 



Tinmnniwniiinnnnit|niimiii 
IIUUUIInllllDliniillhiiiillllllllllllllllllUuiiilllliiiilll 



ninnii|mninr(||jjim.irn||)n 
bluilliuiill|jlllii.lli<lllllll..ini 



"WII''™"'IP""" 

:iiil '.;;;:■ 

IlllllllllllillllillllUlllllUlUl 



No. 5 



yVMlJ^—Masoi2ry 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Applied with Cement and Asphalt 

to Brick Concrete or Stone 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six. Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard ma\f be erected according to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for recomnicndations of thicknesses.) 

The walls are to be insulated with inches of 

corkboard in two courses. The first course is to be inches 

thick applied with a Yz" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed 
one part cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 

course is to be inches thick applied against the first course 

with hot asphalt cement and additionally secured with wood 
skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper length. All 
corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. 
All vertical joints in the first course are to be broken and all 
joints in the second course are to be broken in both directions 
with the joints in the first course. The exposed cork surface is 
to be finished with approximately Yz" Portland cement plaster, 
applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two 
parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated or 
trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored off in squares 
of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



iqpnnilpnn'lfillinniJIllpiMflimqilpnnMf 



m 



„<IP (I 

'lIlliiiiiiilUliiuill 



jni.;iLii)h]liiiilli)nZlil!.ii(liiliJl..iiLniu.;i 



in|immmni|nimii 
illlllluilliiluiiiniiibiuiUll 




^L£l^AT/0/^ 




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'FlIPrarT 

lirlUllUinnli»iiilllllllllllllllui,.i]||i..uillll>JlhiJli.illl/lii 



2im;S!I0i!ll 



64 



BEEEliaili 



No. 6 



y^ALL^— Masonry 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Applied with Cement 

to Brick Concrete or Stone 
Glazed Tile or Brick Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
specification : 

(Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The walls are to be insulated with inches of 

corkboard in two courses. The first course is to be inches 

thick applied with a ^" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed 
one part cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second course 

is to be inches thick applied against the first course with 

a ^" bed of Portland cement mortar and additionally secured 
with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper 
length. All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight 
fitting joints. All vertical joints in the first course are to be 
broken and all joints in the second course are to be broken in 
both directions with the joints in the first course. The exposed 
cork surface is to receive an extra heavy coat of Portland cement 
plaster, mixed one part Portland cement and two parts clean, 
sharp sand, floated to a reasonably even and true surface and 
left rough scratched for the glazed tile or brick finish. 



mm 
luiiiiiO 



65 



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innnmiiiii 
illlllliiilliillmmiiiUiuiill 



liiBiii||jlliiiiii|||m[fII 



ifiuiudil 



IJHIif 



teiJiiiuiiiyllllilliiiyillLiiniuijLiiiuilliiiljiinuiiyiuiuill 



p^< ^|lflli|^l|i§ll|Si 






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iimiiilliiiiiilllUlllllllillliuiiuiilltiiii 



IHiEEEEaiB 



[nnnTi|i]ii;i|nii7jj]jjjjjppimmnilj||jni||ini||[puMni 
,JI|bl,£JllllllnJlhi;»iUyillll(II.JIi,i 

66 



, ,:3i|iiii>;!||f #'# ■" 

UuJlllliillllllDnumiiiiuilUyillillilliiiuiialluiniiil 



No. 7 



WALLS- — -Frame 



One Course of Corkboard 

Xailed to 

Frame Walls 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCEXT Corkboard 
ma}- be erected according to the following" specification : 
(See page 41 for reconiinendations of thicknesses.) 

The walls are to be insulated with two la^-ers of waterproof 
insulation paper lapped not less than three inches followed by 

a single course of inch corkboard securely fastened 

with special galvanized wire nails of proper length. Corkboards 
are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints and all 
vertical joints are to be broken. The exposed cork surface is 
to be finished with approximately ^" Portland cement plaster, 
applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two 
parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated or 
trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored off in squares 
of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 




lJuiiii.JLiiiiiiL'jniuli:ljiiJLIL;mnii.'u;>'il'!J 



[nmnijiiimitii] 
J« m] 

llllilllllllilllliinillllnimllllllllllllllillliualllllliullll 



4Ulliil..ll..lllllLniUiJ 



iranniinill 
iillllliiillitlin!iniiiUiuiUI 




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oTii rj.v'.v:;*':-:.';!':;''?-.-"'!-".'.' ■.'.■■■'•;. "'H 



^.:-j->.?....-V'«»-i ■• l..< ■ .V........... >■-'. ■- - 






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nnmrnjiimnrfl 



HiHjiSG!] 



No. 8 



WALLS — Frame 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Applied by Nailing and Cement 

to Frame Walls 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The walls are to be insulated with two layers of waterproof 

paper and inches of corkboard in two courses. Two 

layers of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches are 
to be applied against walls followed by the first course of cork- 
board inches thick, securely fastened with special gal- 
vanized wire nails of proper length. The second course of cork- 
board inches thick, is to be applied against the first course 

with a >4" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed one part 
cement and two parts clean, sharp sand and additionally secured 
with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper 
length. All corkboards are to be butted up close making 
tight fitting joints. All vertical joints in the first course are 
to be broken and all joints in the second course are to be 
broken in both directions with the joints in the first course. 
The exposed cork surface is to be finished with approximately 
Yi" Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one 
part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The 
second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even 
finish and scored ofi^ in squares of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



"I'SEiai 



UllUaullUlliullI 



69 



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lLillll).JIu!llllln(niUlilj|||JIIJLn»i<lm; 



!inni|nnn|mn|||jji>iiiiii 
imautUhiiiiiill 



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miuill 







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70 



iil|||||iilim|||lliI|lii|jp"iii|innn™Brni||j|m||||piiTniil 
llillll!IJILii!.llL.;illlllllllillllllin.,,il 



iiiiini||| 
liiiiiilj 



iiyilliiiLll!lliJllllilllnm<JlliKiiiili,i!llllliliiljlllil^^^ 



l{j|l){||iinnt|||iinil||| 

-il .,:;:■ 

llllHllllUlUllllll 



No. 9 



PARTITIONS— C^ry^ 



One Course of Corkboard 

Self Supported 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
may be erected according to the following specification : 
(Sec page 41 for recoinmendations of thicknesses.) 

The partitions are to be solid cork and cement, constructed of 

a single course of inch corkboard erected on edge 

against temporary studs, sei:urely toenailing each corkboard 
to adjacent corboards with wood skewers or special galvanized 
wire nails of proper length. All corkboards are to be butted 
up close making tight fitting joints and all vertical joints are to 
be broken. The exposed cork surface on each side is to be 
finished with approximately ^" Portland cement plaster, applied 
in two coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two parts 
clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated or trowelled 
to a smooth and even finish and scored off in squares of not 
over five feet. 

NOTE. — This class of construction is advantageous where no 
loads are to be carried and may safely be used with satisfactory 

results 

up to 9' for 2" Corkboard 
'• " 12' " 3" 

If additional strength is required, the thickness of the cement 
plaster finish may be increased to one inch on either side to any 
height desired. 

See note page 53. 



71 



).,'i'.-iiU!iilMll»lllliL(niu.Ji.iillliJllJL...»I.Ln<iilJII 



Illiuuiidlluiuill 



.!!;iliiiJljiiii!i.niuJj|iiJlJL,;:!ll;:;;aillllll 




JEL£:i^^T/0/S/ 












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f 



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73 



53HaB5^^ 



No. 10 



PARTITIONS— C^/y^ 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Self Supported 

Cement Core 

Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
speciiication : 

(Sec page 41 for recomincndations of thicknesses.) 
The partitions are to be solid cork and cement constructed of 

inches of corkboard in two courses with a Portland 

cement core between. The first course is to be inches 

thick erected on edge against temporary studs, securely toenail- 
ing each corkboard to adjacent corkboards with wood skewers 
or special galvanized wire nails of proper length. The second 

course is to be inches thick erected against the first course 

with a yi" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed one part cement 
and two parts clean, sharp sand and additionally secured with 
wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper length. 
All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting 
joints. All vertical joints in the first course are to be broken 
and all joints in the second course are to be broken in bjath 
directions with the joints in the first course. The exposed cork 
surface on each side is to be finished with approximately 5^" 
Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part 
Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and 
scored off in squares of not over five feet. 

NOTE. — This class of construction is advantageous where no 
loads are to be carried and may be used safely up to twenty-five 
feet. If additional strength is required, the thickness of the cement 
plaster finish may be increased to one inch on either side to any 
height desired. 



See note page 53. 



rte>,iii]iJlllll>.llJlllli'.iiiiUij|iiillliu 



!!nnni|miiiii 
irlliiiiunilliuiiJ 



73 



Iliinailiyillliiilluilillliiilliinniliiiinilllillllllllbuudiliuiiill 



jjinfni 



lilllilllllUiillllUhl 



ijlllll JliillniiiuiiUiuiUi I 




m^ 



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ioJLillliuilJiliiiniinnilli..iii!lliUllll!lllbuuii..udllliJnJUJllJUIii 



74 



udlLililliul 



Wimniiimnnniiimii 



uJllllirlllllliiiiiiiliiiiiiillllllillllllllliiiiiiidlliiiiiill 



[pinil 



im||jrnmin 



!iiHS7:322i 



hliirlllliill 



iIJ|Pi|[|m|n"inijniiiiiij| 
lllllllrjIlillLiiujlUluiUlll 



No. 11 



PARTITIONS— C^ry^ 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Self Supported 
Asphalt cement between courses 

Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be erected according" to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thieknesses.) 

The partitions are to be solid cork and cement constructed of 

inches of corkboard in tv^^o courses with asphalt 

cement between. The first course is to be inches thick 

erected on edge against temporary studs, securely toenailing each 
corkboard to adjacent corkboards with wood skewers or special 
galvanized wire nails of proper length. The second course is 

to be inches thick erected against the first course with a 

heavy bed of hot asphalt cement and additionally secured with 
wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper length. 
All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting 
joints. All vertical joints in the first course are to be broken 
and all joints in the second course are to be broken in both 
directions with the joints in the first course. The exposed cork 
surface on each side is to be finished with approximately J^" 
Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part 
Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish 
and scored ofi: in squares of not over five feet. 

NOTE. — This class of construction is advantageous where no 
loads are to be carried and may be used safely up to twenty feet. 
If additional strength is required the thickness of the cement 
plaster finish may be increased to one inch on either side to any 
height required. 

See note page 53. 

UijIiE13SO,2 



15 



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I 1 



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76 



Jlillliilli.illiiyniuialiillJLiLii!iiibiuiui 



yiiu;;odliu!ailLiiii.i.iyl 



JUlllJLlllllll.rfniu>ll 



IlluJIIifllmiuiiiUiuiUl 



No. 12 



PARTITIONS— C^;-y^ 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Steel Supported 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard maj^ be erected according to the following 
specification : 

(Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The partition is to be cork and cement, constructed of 

inches of corkboard in two courses reinforced bj- steel T's. 

The first course is to be ...... inches thick erected between 

l^"xl^"xi4" steel T's placed 36" apart well secured to floor 

and ceiling. The second course is to be inches thick 

applied against the first course with a ^A" bed of Portland 
ceinent mortar, mixed one part cement and two parts clean, sharp 
sand and additionally secured with wood skewers or galvanized 
wire nails of proper length. All corkboards are to be butted up 
close making tight fitting joints. All joints in the second course 
are to be broken in both directions with the joints in the first 
course. The exposed cork surface on each side is to be finished 
with approximate!}^ Yi" Portland cement plaster, applied in two 
coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp 
sand. The second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth 
and even finish and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



flnnimnininii]| 

■ „•■! P' 

iiiiidiyilJliiilluillllliillllltunoilliiiiiill 



innnn 



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™imni(||in||in>|||jjiiiiinmpi[||ini|j|ii|^^^ 
[|bmiiUJiiliilliiillilL«niUiiiillllJlJLiwiiLiuiillJ 



77 



linnilliiiiUllii 



innnni 

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lluuud 



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JiiJini&uniiilii»irilllillllllli<i.uilluauilllliJllliJ!li!liiJ!!lll 



JlhM»iilLJIIIIll»iliJIIII»<niUiaLilllllil!illu!iiiiiibiuiiill 



78 



n)LnMnnj|)n(|jjimii|jpim]|pnmjiJiiiiiijj 
ili.llulllllllMflllliliilljjliJlJLunMibiuiul! 



No. 13 



PARTITIONS— C^r>^ 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Wood Supported 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
may be erected to each side of frame partition according to 
the following specification : 

(See page 41 for rccoininendations of thicknesses.) 

The partition is to be constructed by erecting 3" x 4" stud- 
ding at 18" centers and one course of inch cork- 
board securely nailed to each side with special galvanized wire 
nails of proper length. The space between the studding is to 
be filled with granulated cork well packed in place. Corkboards 
are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints and all 
vertical joints are to be staggered. The exposed cork surface 
on each side is to be finished with approximately ^" Portland 
cement plaster applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland 
cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is 
to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored 
ofi^ in squares of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



79 



|IIIjljll|jmninnnijj(iini||||||||||j|j||j 
lllilllliill!.t!LiiiiiilUmiUlil 




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2'X'4 "S TOO S /6 "CSIN T£RS 

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80 



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No. 14 



PARTITIONS— Fr^/7^^ 



One Course of Corkboard 

Nailed against 

Frame Partition 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
mav be erected to each side of frame partition according to the 
following specification : 

(See page 41 for recoinmaidatioiis of thicknesses.) 

The partition is to be constructed by erecting 2" x 4" studding 
at IG" centers sheathed on each side with T. & G. boards filling 
the space between studs with granulated cork well packed in 
place. Each side of the partition is then to receive two courses 
of waterproof insulation paper lapped not less than three 
inches followed by a single course of inch cork- 
board securely fastened with special galvanized wire nails of 
proper length. All corkboards are to be butted up close making 
tight fitting joints and all vertical joints are to be broken. The 
exposed cork surface on each side is to be finished with approxi- 
mately Yz" Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed 
one part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The 
second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even 
finish and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



lillUttadillKuallrriObJllJyilH 



81 



J»<nq|inq|in|[jjjiumii||pn([||ni[j|ii 



rtlluHiUJlUluiUll 



liimmnmnrni 



dUuiuill 



'fiilj 



linmii||nni||in|j|[jjuiiitiijj| 



.>...ii/llilllllli.i 



MiniUlulililuillillLiriiuiiilluiUl 







F^LAN 



3" CONCf^£T£. 

//or- /?v5>c»///4Z.7- Q THiCK 

CORK30ARD 

CONC.f?E:-r£L ^ua-BA^£. 




82 



rn(iinii||][[[in[[]]n|iHrn|[iinmi||mii 

II-''' '"\ mH* 



uiiii,;IILiiiii,:il 



EEEaaEiaiii 



No. 15 



FLOORS— Co?2crefe 



One Course of Corkboard 

Laid on 

Concrete Base 
Concrete and Cement Finish 



Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
may be put down according to the following specification : 
(See page 41 for recoinmendations of thicknesses.) 

The floor is to be insulated with a single course of inch 

corkboard laid in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt on a 

reasonably smooth and level concrete base. (Concrete base to 
be furnished by Owner). All corkboards are to be butted up 
close making tight fitting joints and all transverse joints are to 
be broken. The top surface of cork is to be mopped with a coat 
of hot asphalt not less than %" thick thoroughly sealing all 
joints. The insulation is to be finished with a concrete and 
cement wearing floor 4" thick furnished by Owner. 

NOTE. — If STAR Corkboard is used a 3" thick concrete and 
cement floor will be sufficient for ordinary purposes. 



iflili'iijlinjl 

83 



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iinnn|]piiq|)in|||jiminii||| 
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HOT ^3/='//^/. T 
COt^C/?£T£ ^OB-B/IS£. 






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iMtoab^rr rill iTi 1 vl ■ 



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]]|iHlin||ron]nnj|niinnninmi 

!mIiju 



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inimni 



11 liiiinilll 
lillP 
liiiiiilll 



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IlllllllllllllllilHUlllUIIlUlUlUl 



84 



llr.lliiilllllf..(niUiaLillllulll>illm'liillimilll 



No. 16 



FLOORS— Concrete 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Laid on 

Concrete Foundation 
Concrete and Cement Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Fight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CFNT Corkboard may be put down according to the follovifing 
specification : 

(Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The floor is to be insulated with inches of cork- 
board in two courses laid on a reasonably smooth and even 
concrete base. (Concrete base to be furnished by Owner). The. 

first course is to be inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat of 

hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches thick laid on 

the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All corkboards 
are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All trans- 
verse joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints 
in the second course are to be broken in both directions with the 
joints in the first course. The top surface of cork is to be 
mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less than }i" thick thor- 
oughly sealing all joints. The insulation is to be finished with a 
concrete and cement wearing floor 4" thick furnished by Owner. 



NOTF.— If STAR Corkboard is used a 3" thick concrete and 
cement floor will be sufficient for ordinary purposes. 



IIEIZDfl33IIH!SCTH?^^^^ 



85 



lEClilMSaTJ 



pni|pnpni||niuiiiiin|nn(i||(|llimiiramni!ninnniinii 

1'' nil (II I '"" '' " "I II 'il kn'"' 

rilllliiilllllliilliilllllifniUiaLllliilllrflLmniilllluiUll 




j^Ly^/s/ 



3 " CO/VC/?£ T^ 
HOT /i^RHALT 




^L/E^/iT/OA/ 



"PHipnip 



ninnmnnimnBimim|m|||)niram||rninii( 

■jllllhi n> <ii|(iiB» 

InllluniiiUiiuiillillllllllllllliimiiailiiiiim 



ifniHsasMHii 



86 



jinuilliiiiiullilllllliiiuiiiilluiuul 



TIinin|l 
biiillllril 



umim 



,llli|iprajm|mnnn|(iirii| 

iillllJIlirlliiiiujiiUiuiul 



No. 17 



FLOORS— Fr^;;?^ 



One Course of Corkboard 

Laid on 

Wood Floor 
Concrete and Cement Finish 



Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
rnay be put down according to the following specification : 
(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The floor is to be insulated with one layer of waterproof paper 

and a single course of inch corkboard laid on the 

wood floor. (Wood floor to be furnished by Owner). One layer 
of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches is to be 
laid on floor followed by one course of corkboard laid in a 
heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. Corkboards are to be butted up 
close making tight fitting joints and all transverse joints are to 
be broken. The top surface of cork is to be mopped with a 
coat of hot asphalt not less than ^" thick thoroughly sealing 
all joints. The insulation is to be finished with a concrete and 
cement wearing floor 4" thick furnished by Owner. 



NOTE.— If STAR Corkboard is used a 3" thick concrete and 
cement floor will be sufiicient for ordinary purposes. 



JUiimnupmiiimnnnmii 
lUbiiiiiidliiiiuiiuliillIliiiltn 



(l«ff 

JIlDllil: 



iI.rffliUui 



bllllil. 



[mnm|miniil 
iflluiiiuilUluiUl 



87 



innii|ptmn(|Rni|||||||]|||||||||iimnininini|| 

lllllllimiillllllllllllllllllllliriudllluulll 



fli> 

\ II 



iJilJLiiiiiU 




/=*JL/1/V 



m 



=1? 



/ />0/?TLAr^£> CEMENT r/A//3H 
3" CO/VC/?£TE 
HOT /i^/=*HAL T S TA//CK 
CORKBOARD 
HOT /i^PH/lLT 
COf^KBOAf^O 
HOT /1^f=>HALT 



^^.^^ MJPP . _ ^^.^^ ,.^ , . ^_.. ^ ^^ „.^ , ^^ . 



Vl jji-fi'-"--'-rv^'V'''j^''r'-"r 



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wmm 




^L£y/^7-/orv 



Lnmll 



imnnmnni 



ullUliiiUuillllLilllUunni 



aiasoiapra^'-rai'^^ 



nnnnmiiiiiii 
lllullirilliiniuilbiuillll 



nniij)iinii|| 

:;;ii|L;::' 

llilllillrillliillmiiuiiUiuiUll 



No. 18 



FLOORS— Frame 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Laid on 

Wood Foundation 
Concrete and Cement Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be put down according to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The floor is to be insulated with one layer of waterproof paper 

and inches of corkboard in two courses laid on the 

wood floor. (Wood floor to be furnished by Owner). One 
layer of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches is to 

be laid on floor followed bv the first course of corkboard 

inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. The second 

course of corkboard inches thick is to be laid on the first 

course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All corkboards are 
to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All transverse 
Joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints in the 
second course are to be broken in both directions with the joints 
in the first course. The top surface of cork is to be mopped 
with a coat of hot asphalt not less than %" thick thoroughly 
sealing all joints. The insulation is to be finished with a concrete 
and cement wearing floor 4" thick furnished by Owner. 



NOTE.— If STAR Corkboard is used a 3" thick concrete and 
cement floor will be sufficient for ordinary purposes. 



|p:;:ra^^^^^^ 



lllliiiiiid liiiiiill 



Jimnm]niiiii|i| 
LiiniiiLiuiulll 



89 



liilEininl»aiflillilillliuu.diliuuillllirinhll.JllliJlilillbni^ 



||linn(|iiinni|j|nn||p|||[jiiimiinjnn||j|jjin||mra^ 

UmlOylllllr.LillllitnfniUlilllJlillLrillbiiiiull 




PL/^/V 










^^^ 



EL£:v^/^T/o/v 



dlUlLllllJinlljiniiLiUlliillillILuadilu.uMllUni>jLliltJi 



mnnnnniiiii|| 
1-1, III -"'•■•■ 



90 



i|1imni|)jimn(|]|nnnninilli 
(iiiii • ;■; 
luuudlluiulllJlirlllliJttxIllftiiJ' 



No. 19 



FLOORS— C oner ele 



One Course of Corkboard 

Laid on 

Concrete Foundation 
Wood Finish 



Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
may be put down according to the following specification : 
(See page 41 for recomiuendations of tJiicknesses.) 

The floor is to be insulated with a single course of inch 

corkboard laid in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt on a 

reasonably smooth and level concrete base. (Concrete base to 
be furnished by Owner). Corkboards are to 'be laid between 

2" X " wood sleepers placed 24" apart. All corkboards and 

sleepers are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints and 
all transverse joints are to be broken. The top surface is fo be 
mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less than i/g" thick thor- 
oughly sealing all joints. One layer of waterproof insulation 
paper lapped not less than three inches is to be laid on the cork 

followed by a wooden wearing floor of securely nailed 

to the sleepers. 



Ijpan 
lliiuiljj 



IHSKEaZE^ 



91 



mnfimnijnnnn^ 

iUulllil 



—ranj,™ 



llltlbuaud 



i.!!!!il.iiii,;IILiiii.! 



iECaZEIilli 




COf?/<BO/IRD 
r- //or /^^PH/tLT 




^L^V^T/O/V 



w^^^^^m^^^^ 



92 



Illimil 



lllllllllllllllllliiiiiiil 



lliiiiill 



Hljjii 



imnni|niiiiiii| 
ililllliiillilliiiimjiimuiUll 



No. 20 



FLOORS— Co72crefe 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Laid on 

Concrete Foundation 
Wood Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be put down according to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The floor is to be insulated with inches of cork- 
board in two courses laid on a reasonabl}' smooth and even con- 
crete base. (Concrete base to be furnished by Owner). The 

first course is to be inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat 

of hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches thick 

laid on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt be- 
tween 2" X " wood sleepers placed 24'" apart. All cork- 
boards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All 
transverse joints in the first course are to be broken and all 
joints in the second course are to be broken in both directions 
with the joints in the first course. The top surface of cork is 
to be mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less than Ys" thick 
thoroughly sealing all joints. One layer of waterproof insulation 
paper lapped not less than three inches is to be laid on the cork 

followed by a wooden wearing floor of securely nailed to 

the sleepers. 



][inmiinniinim[| 

min:ii!!iuuUl|y| 



ni'nrn[|jiiimi|]innini|i] 

111 • r, 

jalliiiuiillliillllijll 



llbiiuudl 



93 



asKEamiai 



innil|]{pinnT|miiinnnniiniT| 



loadlUlllluilLuMnlliUiiniiilliiiiulllllllllllllluuud 



pran 



miimmmninimmnuni 

iiin) I '"" I " 

IlllllllllllOllillxllllllI 



lriiiiU|jllllliilLilllll{..fniUiulilllllJlliiLiliLiiiiull 




/^L/iN 



//O T /l^fi>MA LT Q ' TV// C /C 
CORKBOAF?^ 




EILE-V/IT/ON 



ppiramnfunnmnimimiBmi™ 



94 






No. 21 



FLOORS— Fra?ne 



One Course of Corkboard 

Laid on 

Wood Floor 
Wood Finish 



Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
may be put down according to the following specification : 
(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The floor is to be insulated with one layer of waterproof paper 

and a single course of incl: corkboard laid on the 

wood floor. (Wood floor to Ite furnished by Owner). One 
layer of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches is 
to be laid on floor followed by one course of corkboard laid in 
a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. Corkboards are to be laid 
between 2" x " wood sleepers placed 24" apart. All cork- 
boards and sleepers are to be butted up close making tight fitting 
joints and all transverse joints are to be broken. The top sur- 
face is to be mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less than 
14," thick thoroughly sealing the joints. One layer of water- 
proof paper lapped not less than three inches is to be laid on 

the cork followed by a wooden wearing floor of securely 

nailed to the sleepers. 



||innn|ninmiffljnnmi|i: 

i|iiiriiiiiiii,#|# ;ri,|K-', 

iuniiiUiiiui!l!illlllliuuualluiuiillUlliiiitl>rlllliiill 
95 



fJlllllU:i|i»»lllllllli;#f.i 



.^iiliniilliliilyillLfniUialilillluillliMniiiLlui! 



iiinni|tiinm|]i 
uitUllirllllDiinniliiiiiii 



[inmin 

llliulll 



hliiillllri 



liitniuiii 



:;+;::: 




/^L/iA/ 



MVATERPROOr P/^PaR 
HOT ASPH/iL T ^"t^/CK 
CORKBOARO 
HOT A3PH/ILT 
IVOOO^H ^L££P£:RS 



I— COR/<BOARD 
HOT A^PH/^LT- 



tVATERPROOr RAP£R 




^/Lau'/ir/o/v 



■-':3Z1F 



H2E2iaSIII 



96 



inmii] 
liiiiiUlll 



' Mm] 



SSKEaMiaii 



No. 22 



FLOORS— Fra;;?^ 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Laid on 

Wood Floor 
Wood Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be put down according to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for rccominciidations of tliicknesses.) 
The floor is to be insulated with one layer of waterproof paper 

and inches of corkboard in two courses laid on 

the wood floor. (Wood floor to be furnished by Owner). One 
layer of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches is to 

be laid on floor followed by the first course of corkboard 

inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. The 

second course of corkboard inches thick is to be laid 

on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt between 

2" X " wood sleepers placed 24" apart. All corkboards are 

to be butted up close making tigiht fitting joints. All transverse 
joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints in the 
second course are to be broken in both directions with the joints 
in the first course. The top surface of cork is to be mopped 
with a coat of hot asphalt not less than ]4," thick thoroughly 
sealing all joints. One layer of waterproof paper lapped not less 
than three inches is to be laid on the cork followed bv a wooden 
wearing floor of securely nailed to the sleepers. 



nnnnminii] 
IdlluiliuJlUluidl 



97 



IDnalLlilLllUll 



.■iHillCS 



pmin 

(IIP 
liiiiiilll 



ImiiJhiinlliliiilliillJIIilnffliUhlllllllllulllillLniiurlb 



f='L/iN 




COfin BRICK 

COA/Cf^CT£ 

CO^KBO/i/fD 






^J 












i 




ELCV/^T/ON 



jiinninnnnn 
llilinllliyillililtllilllllliillliinni 



[Illinm||jiiini|||niiinn|Ilin[|||i 

"■nil •""•"' 

mllliinlfljliil 



iHaaEaaosiiii 



58 



J"") 



imnnnnnfminniim 
lliiiLniiiilliiiull 



'EiEHIffi 



No. 23 
FLOORS — Concrete or Frame 
One or Two Courses of Corkboard 

Laid in Asphalt 

on Concrete or Wood Foundation 

Finished with 

Cork Brick Wearing Floor 



Any thickness of STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard Laid as 
per specification Nos. 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20,_ 21 and 22 may be 
finished according to the following specification : 

(Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The floor insulation is to be finished with a cork brick wearing 
floor. A foundation of two inches of concrete mixed one part 
Portland cement to two parts clean, sharp sand and five parts 
screened crushed stone or clean gravel is to be put down directly 
on top of the insulation. The concrete is to be well tamped. 
The cork brick are to be laid flat on the concrete foundation in 
a y^" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed one part Portland 
cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. All bricks are to be 
laid up close breaking all transverse joints and the brick tamped 
in place leaving the top surface reasonably even. All jomts 
between the brick are to be grouted with neat Portland cement 
mixed thin so it wifl readily fill the joints. The finished floor 
is net to be used until the cement is thoroughly set. 



TOPII 

ilulll!lliiiiiiuil[liui<'!|llllill 



99 



-Ji lll>J 4llD<i 



pi 



can 






ifniUiabilllll! 



nnnniiniM 
rfllli!i;iiJ!Uluilll 



^^^i>^^-r/o/v 



P^MMhA ne BK si* ^TMi^^^MiMinwiihMiii r iiii i i 'ii 'i iiri'iTi i ii ftnT i lfi iiiii 3'"""-^'"''"^"^gfa ^U]fc*ii i 'ijiu"i»'til^i'v''i):ii . bri^ 












S' ^'P - *'vr.VrV/ ' .-"-''-' v^'^ 



.:;i.V-^ }.--:-•/.:■-: ::l;'?:i V :j-. COJ^fiTBOA/^D 






-f* 



^LAA/ 




iDpimmtniraiininninmrmniimi^^ 



nnrinii 



100 



N4Jkulliiil<iilLnii.i' '' 



lil.Jliill!llLCiniUl,lLlillllJlt<llnmniilimU 



No. 24 



CEILINGS— Maso?2ry 



One Course of Corkboard 

Applied with Cement 

to Concrete or Brick Ceilings 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
may be erected according to the following specification : 
(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The ceiling is to be insulated with a single course of 

inch corkboard applied with a ^" bed of Portland cement 

mortar, mixed one part cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. 
All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting 
joints and all transverse joints are to be broken. Each cork- 
board is to be shored up with a suitable support firmly holding it 
against ceiling to insure proper adhesion. The shoring is to 
be left in place for at least 12 hours, but is not to be removed 
until the cement mortar is well set. The exposed cork surface 
is to be finished with approximately i/4" Portland cement plaster, 
applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two 
parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated or 
trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored off in squares 
of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



inoiuiiiuadl 



ibuuiid 



nrnimmi 

alii? 



||pnm|iiinnq] 
iiiiial 



|jj|lli>.lliJllllltn«niUljLlillJl.llL>u.mlllluiUlI 



101 



inwiniMin]niifiiniinininfi(]Binn||i[|m|n[|||nrmnin 



^/.-^^WT-ZO/V 



•■rv:'7w;y.^:--:* 



:^?';'--'-^'-.^*;,'9' .'j Awl-Mir .■.■vT,v,'^--:C';\.'--.^-^^;-9;'<-'.''V'-.j>^_ 

' .^'^■', \^'.' ^,^-,'^-" ^"^'.^^i^''- .':'!;^t"Xt' ▼"•_-'--'% ^.'.■■■-^^-t'/'y^' 






SS^'Wf 



^ 






m' 



Vt- 



CO/VC/^£T£. 'SLAB 




^L/IN 



liEClHEllS^^^^ 



102 



m 

llDllUllI 



[n|||ini||it|mimri||inmii™nn||n|j|||||||]||||imn| 

II ill "4 >i>* <i>i''' 

llliilllilliiilll!lliiilirlllimllll!]{illllllllllii..i.i] 



lliiiiili 



||n''n'i(nii|(|iiii||||iniiin|inniimiiinni|iMri||||ii| 



iii)""'<(ii 



i"''iip'iii"ii""""iii"""iii 

L'ililltlllllllllllllllllllllllllUlUlUill 



No. 25 



CElLmGS— Masonry 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Applied with Cement 

to Concrete or Brick Ceilings 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be applied according to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The ceiling is to be insulated with inches of ' 

corkboard in two courses. The first course is to be inches 

thick applied with a V^" bed of Portland cement mortar, mixed 
one part cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 

course is to be inches thick applied against the first course 

with a ^" bed of Portland cement mortar and additionally se- 
cured with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper 
length. Each corkboard of the first course is to be shored up 
with a suitable support firmly holding it against ceiling to insure 
proper adhesion. The shoring is to be left in place for at least 
12 hours, but is not to be removed until the cement mortar 
is well set. All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight 
fitting joints. All transverse joints in the first course are to be 
broken and all joints in the second course are to be broken in 
both directions with the joints in the first course. The exposed 
cork surface is to be finished with approximately ><" Portland 
cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland 
cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to 
be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored 
off in squares of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



[rrnnnimmmmiinni 
•Jdjliiiuildljilllliill 



yiiuujd!! 



103 



■aSEEHJllilli 



iiluUltillllll!IJII!!Uaii|] 



tUiullU 



.iiiliiitjl 



i.....iii„ilii..lyiiili 



biilllluil: 



nnnDnnnniiniill 

IllllllHllJIlllJUlUll 



jf/L £ L//7 7"/OA/ 



■■.■■rr-. 






•. V.I". v.-.y.v.r ■''.•;.: ■^.• 






■:^:^r:iM^ . 



^ 



HOT /^^j='H-^j~'r c £:m£:/^T 




PL ^y/w 



HaaBsSSiazM^^^ 



104 



Ijimnimni 
liiiiiill 



llinni|i 

liiiiiiilliid 



lJ||liiJLllllllt..(niUiJlllllJIUL>ii>iiillimilii 



No. 26 



CEILINGS— M^j-^;2rr 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Applied with Cement and Asphalt 

to Concrete or Brick 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corlvboard may be applied according to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The ceiling is to be insulated wdth inches of 

corkboard in two courses. The first course is to be 

inches thick applied with a ><" bed of Portland cement mortar, 
mixed one part cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The 

second course is to be inches thick applied against the 

first course with hot asphalt cement and additionally secured 
with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of proper 
length. Each corkboard of the first course is to be shored up 
with a suitable support firmly holding it against ceiling to insure 
proper adhesion. The shoring is to be left in place for at least 
12 hours, but is not to be removed until the cement mortar is 
well set. All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight 
fitting joints. All transverse joints in the first course are to be 
broken and all joints in the second course are to be broken in 
both directions with the joints in the first course. The exposed 
cork surface is to be finished with approximately y^" Portland 
cement plaster applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland 
cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to 
be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored off 
in squares of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



105 



•7 

lllllllll 



nZuUlllhlLlllflLniuiii 



nnnniiniinj 
iillllliiilliillniiiiiKUiiiiuul 



^i.e:^j^t/o/^ 







.:*i-iJ*v.-',*..-';y, 




fl./tN 



ipfliiyilluIIiiili!!LiiiimiiilLinUlli!iillii.uudliui 



SSI 



Ti(j;iirnni||ini|ipim| 
LitiHiiiljjillilliJIi 



jiiHljjii 



nnnimiiiiil] 
IlIiiAu'iiliilllllllliiiliDlitiMiiiilUlUlltl 



lOG 



inini|rrrar|]iiimi||] 
luniiilliiiiiillllll 



jGaaEiiii 



No. 27 

CEILINGS— y¥^j^;7rj/ 
One Course of Corkboard 

Applied with Cement 

to Arched Concrete or Brick Ceilings 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
may be erected according to the following specification: 
(Sec page 41 for rcconimcndatioiis of thicknesses.) 

The arched ceiling is to be insulated with a single course of 

inch corkboard applied with a >4" bed of Portland 

cement mortar, mixed one part cement and two parts clean, 
sharp sand. The sides of the corkboards are to be Ijevelled to 
the radius of the arch. All corkboards are to be butted up 
close making tight fitting joints and all transverse joints are to 
be broken. Each corkboard is to be shored up with a suitable 
support firmly holding it against arches to insure proper adhesion. 
The shoring is to be left in place for at least 12 hours, but is 
not to be removed until the cement mortar is well set. The 
exposed cork surface is to be finished with approximate!}' Yi" 
Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part 
Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish 
and scored ot¥ in squares of not over five feet. 

Sec note page 53. 



lEaziEsaaiHii^ 



107 



15113:333 



laaBEaMii;, 



jE-£.Bi^/ir/o/^ 




1— COUC/?£'T£ O/? B^/CK /9/?<C// 




/^^/V 



108 



luiilliiiuallliJOiiJIlJyi 



|Bmtfmniinnni|iin|||[nu..nmnnnn||iiimjin^^ 



No. 28 



CEl'LmGS>—Maso?7ry 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Applied with Cement 

to Arched Concrete or Brick Ceilings 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The arched ceiling is to be insulated with inches of 

corkboard in two courses. The first course is to be ... ._. . 

inches thick applied with a ^" inch bed of Portland cement 
mortar, mixed one part cement and two parts clean, sharp 

sand. The second course is to be inches thick applied 

against the first course with a I/2" bed of Portland cement mortar 
and additionally secured with wood skewers or special galvanized 
wire nails of proper length. Each corkboard of the first course 
is to be shored up with a suitable support firmly holding it against 
ceiling to insure proper adhesion. The shoring is to be left in 
place for at least 13 hours, but is not to be removed until the 
cement mortar is well set. The sides of all corkboards are to 
be bevelled to the radius of the arch. All corkboards are to 
be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All transverse 
joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints in the 
second course are to be broken in both directions with the joints 
in the first course. The exposed cork surface is to be finished 
with approximately ^" Portland cement plaster, applied in two 
coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two parts clean. 
sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a 
smooth and even finish and scored off in squares of not over 
five feet. 

See note page 53. 



lES^^ 



109 



LoiiliiiM 



llllljlll 



Milhni4.illllii>iIli<lllllli.<fniui.ibillJ!iuliL 



^l.£V/iT/ON 










CO/VC R£T£: SL/iB 

corkboa/^oClaid on F'ORns) 

- PORTLAND OS.ME.NT Pi-AST£:R 
C/fRRL/EO /iFr£.R RORAf^ ARE. 






^^ 



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|ninjim!lIjnTOllininnnnii[ifiini[m|m|||™ 



110 



nmmm 



|><T|||[)nnnnx>"><iin>""> 



iiiyiIll{..«ljLlllllJliJL..Nni[limUl 



ninmiinKmiij 

illiiiiiiiliillilllllliiiiiiia 



|inimi]]|nn!ni] 
IliiiiilUli:! 



npnraminnii 
uniniHiitliirplll 



Ii7'7i(rr||('"^(rff 

<,illllillnlLlllll[iHlllllil.il.li!!llJll« 



imnninijijrinili 
iiiili!!lliiillitlliiiiiiiJiUluilil 



No. 29 



CEILINGS— Concrete 



One Course of Corkboard 

L.aid in 

Ceiling Forms Before Concrete is Poured 
Cement Plaster Finish 

Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboar.l 
may be laid according to the following specification : 

(Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The ceiling is to be insulated with a single course of 

inch . . corkboard laid drj^ in ceiling forms. Eorms are to 

be erected bj^ concrete contractor and left inches lower 

than would otherwise be required. All corkboards are to be 
butted up close making tight fitting joints and all transverse 
joints are to be broken. After the forms are removed the ex- 
posed cork surface is to be finished with approximately i^{," 
Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part 
Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish 
and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 

Sec note page 53. 



dlillllbii!luJIIMUIIiun»i..iiiil!illllllllllii.uad 



|iinni(mnnnnmil[(ini'jjjm|jp|ll™f'l 

i2illj!;;lljy 
111 



iin"ii]|iiniiP"i]jr|;»'^j(Fil|!pi(j'wr™'|i'''l! 

siiulLjtlillJijilllllnfllillhllllllJIJImmnL; 



|innni]||iiiiil| I 
iluiUl I 



UllUajdllUiulllllirlDliJlUlliil 



lirilllliji 



JIUiiiLiI 



IllllJIIlllilllUlIJlUlUllll 



^LEV^T/ON 




/^0/^r-/.A/\/O CEMENT MORrA/^ 
CO/?KBOAf?D ClAJD O/V F'ORMs) 
fOffTLAND C£M£H^T PLA3T£:^ 
CapPLIGP /iFTER roRM^ ARE- 




^l./)/\/ 



I "l II I! iiii "'' '"> <iii"' "i"> rJ 1/ I '^4 '""► imA z) '■ ' ill "•'"''•■■■• 

iL<idyiliiiil]uJillJluiiuilli.i>uilliillillillb»udlii.u>illLJniiJIIJ[lJli^^ 



112 



im||npnmmnn|,v.m,mannnnnm,,mm,|n,.nni|inn>„mn..nnm.,,,|,,.^^ 



No. 30 



CElLmGS—Co72crete 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Laid in 

Ceiling Forms Before Concrete is Poured 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES 
CENT Corkboard may be laid according to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The ceiling is to be insulated with inches of cork 

board in two courses laid in ceiling forms. Forms are to be erected 

by concrete contractor and left inches lower than would 

otherwise be required. The first course is to be inches- 
thick laid dry in the forms. The second course is to be 

inches thick laid on the first course in a lA" bed of Portland 
cement mortar, mixed one part cement and two parts clean, sharp 
sand. The two courses are to be securely nailed to each other 
with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of propel 
length, using not less than two nails to each square foot. Ali 
corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints^ 
All transverse joints in the first course are to be broken and 
all joints in the second course are to be broken in both directions 
with the joints in the first course. After the forms are removed 
the exposed cork surface is to be finished with approximately 
yi" Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one 
part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The 
second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even 
finish and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



113 



|).,llullilllt..fniUmlililulll>llli>iin<ilbiu.Ullllllll 



inolJliiililuyilJiiiiunmlimudliilllillliuuaalluiutlllliJOyllJyU 




— //4 7:<$G. ^o/i/^£:>s 










'"%H'.i:t; ! ! >' f."^j.!/-/i'"'/V".Vj[^y^^ I 






^/./JA/ 



in II "4 in>J <iiii'* <iiii> ! i M I'iiC'if iLm ""*,/'•'' n, ';i"'h"' 

llliiiknHilii«iiUllililllliiJuualluiudlliJnyil<iiyiilllllhuii^ 



114 



iiiiinpiii°iii^''n!^"™ii'™^|]'''^niiiiM 

BiJiiijii!«^^ 



|innnni]iini| 

iiniUiiiliiillliiiiliiiiiiiNiiiituiuiuiii 



K 31 



CEILINGS— Frame 



One Course of Corkboard 

Nailed to 

Frame Ceiling 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Two. Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkhoard 
may be erected according to the following specification: 
(See page 41 for reeoiiitiiciidatioiis of thicknesses.) 

The sheathed ceiling is to be insulated with two layers of 
waterproof insulation paper lapped not less than three inches 
followed by a single course of inch corkboard se- 
curely fastened with special galvanized wire nails of proper length 
driven through No. 22 galvanized iron discs I14" diameter. 
All corkboards are to butted up close making tight fittmg 
joints and all transverse joints are to be broken. The exposed cork 
surface is to be finished with approximately 7^" Portland cement 
plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part Portland cement 
and two parts clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be 
floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish and scored off 
in squares of not over five feet. 

Sec note page 53. 



]llinmnn|w'nn]p"n'ii|]'n/ini 

lillUuiili luiuDllliilllliJUiilllltii 



SUM 

115 



!jIlllllnUllk,(niBji.il!lllJl>JLmLtuiullllll 



innnrnininiiiiiimmnnininii 
lllligyUlinMu'niiiLmlliililillimjillluiudlliiilllliilUiiilii 



Esraaasfflia^^^ 




->:-lN^-;.vV-;v::-->'.v.i v';i *-; ?; cc ;;•.■.' •.'.■.-r:. 



mmW'. 



^iiiiiii;ii£iLiiliii*fti^ilitMiiMii ^ 



- //^"t^ g. so^/^o^ 

■ CO/^/<BOAf?D 

■ /=>0/^TLAr^D C£:ME:N7- MORTAR 

■ CORKBOAP^a 

^ORTi-AND CEIMELNT PLASTER 




^L/IN 



li!»llllJkalldlrllllllillllllliliitliiinnJlmiinlilllllllllllliuadllli.i»^ 



116 



ii'"nif"ri''";iPiiiO'i'iT^!f""'!!llilllIilliiii 



No. 32 



CEILINGS— Frame 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Applied by Nailing' and Cement 

to Frame Ceilings 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
specification : 

(Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The sheathed ceiling is to be insulated with two layers of 
waterproof insulation paper and inches of cork- 
board in two courses. The two layers of paper lapped not less 
than three inches are to be applied against sheathing followed 

by the first course of corkboard inches thick, securely 

fastened with special galvanized wire nails of proper length 
driven through No. 22 galvanized iron discs 1%" in diameter. 

The second course of corkboard inches thick, is to be 

applied against the first course with a J^" bed of Portland 
cement mortar, mixed one part cement and two parts clean, 
sharp sand and additionally secured with wood skewers or 
special galvanized wire nails of proper length. All corkboards 
are to be hutted up close making tight fitting joints. All trans- 
verse joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints in 
the second course are to be broken in both directions with the 
joints in the first course. The exposed cork surface is to be 
finished with approximately ^" Portland cement plaster, applied 
in two coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two parts 
clean, sharp sand. The second coat is to be floated or trowelled 
to a smooth and even finish and scored oft' in squares of not 
over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



[nnnran|Binm|mnnn||ni 

•' (i> ;""J 



117 



""'II hi ii 11 Ml "'if I'l* I hull" 

IDnOllUlllialluilllllllllIllliinnlllniUIllliUllllllllUaull 



ifwm 
lllllllfl 



aaiBsiHi^^ 




IV/7TE.R F^/^OO^ /^^^-^^f/P 




/='^/?A/ 



DalMlilliiiIluill|llnilliinuillinifilllillllllllllii>.uiil 



SEHaia^^ 



118 



||iili|ii|||iiil||rr|j||iinmn[iimiijiinmimi[[||mp^ 
odilllliijyiLiLniiilniinillilliibJflUiiiuulJLllllilJtlJI 



luriiuilUluiUl 



No. 33 



CEILINGS— Fm;;^^ 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

iVpplied by Xailing" and Asphalt Cement 

to Frame Ceilings 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be erected according to the following 
specification : 

(Sec page 41 for recoiiiineudations of thicknesses. J 

The sheathed ceiling is to be insulated with two layers of 
waterproof insulation paper and inches of cork- 
board in two courses. The two layers of paper lapped not less 
than three inches are to be applied against sheathing followed 

by the first course of corkboard inches thick securely 

fastened with galvanized wire nails of proper length driven 
through No. 22 galvanized iron discs IJ^i" in diameter. The 

second course of corkboard inches thick is to be applied 

against the first course with hot asphalt cement and additionally 
secured with wood skewers or special galvanized wire nails of 
proper length. All corkboards are to be butted up close making 
tight fitting joints. All transverse joints in the first course are 
to be broken and all joints in the second course are to be, broken 
in both directions with the joints in the first course.- The ex- 
posed cork surface is to be finished with approximately J/3" 
Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed one part 
Portland cement and. two parts clean, sharp sand. The second 
coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even finish 
and scored off in sciuares of not over five feet. 



See note page 53. 








y^Z-^^A/ 



ilimmmnmiiniiipniiiiimiiiinm^ 



130 



|)niinramnnn|Dinn|in|j 

(iiir ""■""" 

liiiiiili 



niulllj,dllllllllriliiillllll).;(llil|iiiliill|||iillli(lliiiiiuiibiuiii!l 



No. 34 



CEILINGS— Fr^;;?^' 



Granulated Cork and One Course of 
Corkboard 

Applied to 

Frame Ceilings 
Cement Plaster Finish 



Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
with granulated cork filling may be erected according to the fol- 
lowing specification : 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The ceiling is to be insulated with granulated cork filling and 

one course of inch corkboard. The underside of 

ceiling beams are to be sheathed with one course of %" T & G 
boards and the spaces between beams are to be filled with 
granulated cork well packed in place. Two la3'ers of water- 
proof insulation paper lapped not less than three inches are to 

be applied to sheathing followed by a single course of 

inch corkboard securely fastened with special galvanized wire 
nails of proper length driven through No. 22 galvanized iron 
discs 1%'" in diameter. All corkboards are to be butted up close 
making tight fitting joints and all transverse joints are to be 
broken. The exposed cork surface is to be finished with approxi- 
mately ^2" Portland cement plaster, applied in two coats, mixed 
one part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp sand. The 
second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth and even 
finish and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 

See note page 53. 



ra 



lL»udllli.nlllll»llll.JIUllll><lH 

121 



inniimnnpiii 
dmiuiiil jidlliiiiiiriiiiiiii 



nnni|niinn| 
IlillbiiiiiiilUluiUl 



IiiiiiuIUDm 



liinniUiiadliUllllllillllluuiidlliiiuiil 



inniii]pn(|[nn]|[nuiii 

9 ■■■■ 

uHUliilllllllllllllAinidtlmiilll 



llJlllilJlHillllllMfniUliiillllJrtlLi^iiLl'nill 









i= 



£LLV/^T/ON 



.■f-SPyy/fLr 



■J£C T/OrJ <3- S 




jKS?^ 



^LCiy,VT/0^ 



/^^PM/fL T ■ 



J£CT/0/V a- 3 




idUllliiiIliiiijilliinnill illilllllilii.a!.ililuiudliliilllbl.JltliJlil 

123 



ii'"niifnm'Tll[P"''nin«iIi|i|iimniT'""'IP''" 



nnqnt""l| 
limit, 



]]ni™n|i|iiiinimjiiiinii| 
llliuu(jdlliiiual!!iillliii 



H22I2!ffli:illl 



No. 35 

ROOFS— Comre/e 



One Course of Corkboard 

Laid on 
Concrete Roof Slab 

Two, Three or l^"::ur inch STAR or CRESCEXT Corkboard 
ir.ay be put down according to the following specification: 
(Sec page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The roof is to be insulated with a single course of inch 

corkl)oard laid in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt on 

the concrete roof slab left reasonably smooth and even by the 
concrete contractor. All corkboards are to be butted up close 
making tight fitting joints and all transverse joints are to be 
broken. The insulation is to be finished with a five ply felt 
roofing laid directly on top of corkboard by roofing contractor. 



No. 36 

ROOFS— Co72crele 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Laid on 
Concrete Roof Slab 

Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be put down according to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for recomniendatioHS of thicknesses.) 

The roof is to be insulated with inches of cork- 
beard in two courses laid on the concrete roof slab left reason- 
ably smooth and even by the concrete contractor. The first 

course is to be inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat 

of hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches thick 

laid on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. 
All corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting 
joints. All transverse joints in the first course are to be 
broken and all joints in the second course are to be broken 
in both directions with the joints in the first course. The in- 
sulaticn is to be finished with a five ply felt roofing laid directly 
lu top of ccrkbcard by roofing contractor. 



|pim(i|r|iiiiini[ 
,imn)iiiii,-'''l'"^, 

iunniUiuUllOlillllllllllllUauallUialll 



'iiidii4niiiJllllllhlli>jl!llLniUijLiilllJlitlLM 



123 



imrnini 



'7 

IliiiiUll 



IjftJilnaL 



,illllllllli.II»illlll!;.(niuiaLiilllii 



nnnniinii 
lldlliiNriJiltJiuiUl 





F'FW'lPW''''''''l''''"''(i'''''''lIIIIIlfflill'l'''™''lli''''''''IP"''''' 



liiiUuJIIIIiUuiiiulLiiiiillilllillllliuuufllluiudllliJniililliillllii 



il)nmulilhnii4JIllllfllulli>lllIlli.i(niUlijLltliyiilllii»iiJilbiuiUl 



124 



™Y"'n|r;"i'')|r'i|'ifini'"™if''"iiii 

i».>ulj|lllilnlLlll!ll!,,(niuiiirilllJIJL.mniLmUll 



No. 37 

ROOFS— Frame 



One Course of Corkboard 

Laid on 
Frame Roof 

Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
may be put down according to the following specification : 
(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The roof is to be insulated with one layer of waterproof paper 

and a single course of inch corkboard. One layer 

of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches is to 
be laid on roof toards in hot asphalt followed by one course of 
corkboard laid in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All cork- 
boards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints and 
all transverse joints are to be broken. The insulation is to be 
finished with a five ply felt roofing laid directly on top of cork- 
board b}^ roofing contractor. 

No. 38 

ROOFS— Fra/ne 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Laid on 
Frame Roof 

Eour, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard may be put down according to the following 
specification : 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The roof is to be insulated with one layer of waterproof paper 

and inches of corkboard in two courses. One layer 

of waterproof paper lapped not less than three inches is to be laid 
on roof boards in hot asphalt followed by the first course of cork- 
board inches thick laid in a heav}- mop coat of hot asphalt. 

The second course of corkboard inches thick is to be laid 

on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All cork- 
boards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All 
joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints in the 
second course are to be broken in both directions with the joints 
in the first course. The insulation is to be finished with a five 
ply felt roofing laid directly on top of corkboard by roofing 
contractor. 



•aiiEaazE^ 



125 



JllillllllJillnliiinnillmillllllllllilL..al 



III! ill 



idllii 



hiiiiiUI 



tiNiiJIIIlLifniuiiJ 







co^Arar>A^£? 



iVALL /A/SUi.AT 



, 4 3^^M 



^/.^^.'iT/O/V 




£rL£^/iT/ON 



mnnnnpmHimwi|||™ 



186 



MP 
I mmllOl 



\aMm 



[liinnqir 

'llll^ ' 
lliiiilll li 



No. 39 



BEAMS and GIRDERS— C^;2rr^/^ o?' Steel 



One Course of Corkboard 

Applied to 

Ends of Beams or 
Girders Extending into Wails 



Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkbcard 
ma}- be erected according to the following specificaticr. : 
(See page 41 for recoininendations of thicknesses.) 

All beams and girders extending into the building walls are 
to be insulated on the ends, tops and sides with one course of 

inch corkboard cut accurately to make tight fitting 

joints and extend beyond the inside face of wall so that the wall 
insulation will butt up tightly against it. The insulation con- 
tractor is to furnish the corkboard required for this purpose, but 
the cork is to be installed by the general contractor. 



mmimnniinBn||iimii||j|][]|][|[]np^^^ 



iiiilllllaiuUiuRinUuittil 



•'I I"- , 



TiirarrarTC^^^ 



.ilUlii 

127 



iiiyllllltlliilliilllllli'ifniuiuliilllliulilifll'uiiuiiljiuiuil 






inniinii 

IlilllluiilltlluillilKUlUlUl 




JE^£V^^T/0/V 



111 "'l| '"^11 <""'' 
iilUuiiiinuiiniiilllllllllllllllllui 



EHaias^ 



128 



niimin]i™mjm||||p[iimj™mni|j||ini||pi|||[|)miniijj| 
iirillllji 



EGaaoBiiii 



No. 40 
FREEZING TANKS 



On Wood Floor or Concrete Foundation 

Two Courses of Corkboard under Bottom 
and Granulated Cork on Sides 

Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard and any thickness of granulated cork may be 
erected according to the following specification : 

(See page 41 for rccouimcndations of thicknesses.) 
BOTTOM : 

The bottom of the tank is to be insulated with inches 

of corkboard in two courses laid on a reasonably smooth 

and even foundation. (Foundation to be furnished by Owner.) 

The first course is to be inches thick laid in a heavy mop 

coat of hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches thick 

laid on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All 
corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. 
All transverse joints in the first course are to be broken and all 
joints in the second course are to be broken in both directions 
with the joints in the first course. The top surface of cork is 
to be mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less than ]4," 
thick thoroughly sealing all joints ready for the tank to be placed 
on top. This insulation is to be extended to the outside of the 
insulation on the sides of the tank. 

SIDES: 
The sides of the tank adjacent to building walls are to be 

insulated by filling in the inch space between the tank 

and the walls with granulated cork well packed in place. The 
building walls are to be waterproofed with a heavy coat of hot 
asphalt to the full height of the tank leaving no unprotected 
places. The top of granulated cork all around the tank is to 

be covered with a single course of inch corkboard 

carefully fitted between the tank and the building walls and the 
top surface coated with hot asphalt thoroughly sealing all joints. 
The top of the insulation all around the tank is to be protected 
by a curbing consisting of two courses of. 7/s" T & G boards 
with two courses of waterproof insulation paper between laid 
on properly supported framing so that the top surface of curb- 
ing is flush with the ice can covers. The curbing is to extend 
from the outside of insulation to the ice can covers. 



129 



!il71jTl!lCH3a 



lllll!lll,lllilHLillllt!n(liiuiuilllll» 


ininninn[)iini|| 
liltlllliuilUluiUi 




y^/^y^A/ 






C/1/V coy£/?3 




Ve"T4G. BO/IJ^DS 

'/a" //or /fs/^/y/i^r 

HOT /IS/'///)LT 

HOT ^3P/Y/)CT 




JEL^V^T/O/Sf 



]ei:p7 



Ijin'iniiiiiiiwiii 
--,,..- ,, , <P ii>' 

iiiniiilliiiirilllUlllllllllllluiiiidiliuiii 



|niinninit||iii"llllliil 

1 



'EliiliH^^ 



130 



l!liinnilliuiiillilllilllllli.uadllii..i[lliliiillliJLlll 



[iiii"ni||(|n|]|i|jillimimimmnmjmiMii|| 
IliiillullllllCiniUiiiLltlllulLli'lrmnibiuiulll 



No. 41 
FREEZING TANKS 



O;? Wood Floor or Concrete Foundation 

Two Courses of Corkboard under Bottom 
and Granulated Cork on Sides 

Wood Finish 

Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard and any thickness of granulated cork may be 
erected according to the following specification : 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 
BOTTOM : 

The bottom of the tank is to he insulated with inches 

of corkboard in two courses laid on a reasonably smooth 

and even foundation. (Foundation to be furnished by Owner.) The 

first course is to be inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat 

of hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches thick 

laid on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All 
corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. 
All transverse joints in the first course are to be broken and 
all joints in the second course are to be broken in both directions 
with the joints in the first course. The top surface of cork is 
to be mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less than Ys" 
thick thoroughly sealing all joints ready for the tank to be placed 
on top. This insulation is to be extended to the outside of the 
insulation on the sides of the tank. 

SIDES: 

The sides of the tank are to be insulated with inches 

of granulated cork well packed in between tank and retaining 

walls constructed of 2" x 6" studs atl6" centers placed 

inches away from the sides of the tank. The studding is to be 
sheathed on outside with two courses of I'i" T & G boards with 
two layers of waterproof insulation paper between, lapping the 
paper not less than three inches. The first course of T & G 
boards is to be erected horizontally and the second course ver- 
tically. The studs are to be nailed to a 2x6 plate at the bottom 
and are to be substantially secured to the top of the tank with 
suitable framing. The top of insulation all around the tank is 
to be protected by a curbing consisting of two courses of Ys," 
T & G boards with two layers of waterproof insulation paper 
between laid on properly supported framing so that the top sur- 
face of curbing is flush with the ice can covers. The curbing 
is to extend from the outside of the insulation to the ice can 
covers. 

■IEI2Ililill3333ll3^ 



131 



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132 



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No. 42 



FREEZING TANKS 



On Wood Floor or Concrete Foundation 

Tv/o Courses of Corkboard under Bottom 

and One Course of Corkboard 

and Granulated Cork on Sides 

Cement Plaster Finish 

Two, Three or Four inch STAR or CRESCENT Corkboard 
and 4" or 6" of granulated cork may 'be erected according to the 
following specification : 

(Sec page 41 for reeoniuiendations of tliiekncsses.) 
BOTTOM : 

The bottom of the tank is to be insulated with inches 

of corkboard in two courses, laid en a reasonably smooth 

and even foundation. (Foundation to be furnished by Owner.) 

i he first course is to be mches thick laid in a heavy mop 

coat of hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches 

thick laid on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. 
All 'corkboards are to be butted up close making tight fitting 
joints. All transverse joints in the first course are to be broken 
and all joints in the second course are to be broken in both 
directions with the joints in the first course. The top surface 
of cork is to be mopped with a coat of hot asphalt not less 
than }i" thick thoroughly sealing all joints ready for the tank 
to be placed on top. This insulation is to be extended to the 
outside of the insulation on the sides of the tank. 

SIDES: 

The sides of the tank are to be insulated with inches 

of granulated cork and one course of inch cork- 
board. 3"x4" (or 3"x6") studs are to be erected against 
the sides of the tank at 18" centers well secured to the top of 
the tank and -to a 2" x 4" wood plate at bottom. The cork- 
board is to be erected against the studs securely fastened with 
special galvanized wire nails of proper length. The space be- 
tween the corkboard and the tank is to be filled with granulated 
cork well packed in place. All corkboards are to be butted 
up close making tight fitting joints and> all vertical joints are 
to be staggered. The exposed cork surface is to be finished 
with approximately yi" Portland cement plaster, applied in two 
coats, mixed one part Portland cement and two parts clean, sharp 
sand. The second coat is to be floated or trowelled to a smooth 
and even finish and scored off in squares of not over five feet. 
The top of the insulation all around the tank is to be protected 
by a curbing consisting of two courses of %" T & G boards 
with two layers of waterproof insulation paper between laid 
on properly supported framing so that the top surface of curb- 
ing is flush with the ice can covers. The curbing is to extend 
from the outside of the insulation to the ice can covers. 

NOTE. — Wood finish according to Specification No. 43 may be 
substituted for the cement finisJi. 

Sec note page 53. 



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133 



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134 



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No. 43 



FREEZING TANKS 



On Wood Floor or Concrete Foundation 

Two Courses of Corkboard under Bottom 
and Two Courses of Corkboard on Sides 

Wood Finish 

Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of STAR or CRES- 
CENT Corkboard under bottom and on sides ma}' be erected 
according to the following specification : 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

BOTTOM : 

The bottom of the tank is to be insulated with inches 

of corkboard in two courses laid on a reasonably smooth 

and even foundation. (Foundation to be furnished by Owner.) The 

first course is to be inches thick laid in a heavy mop coat of 

hot asphalt. The second course is to be inches thick laid 

on the first course in a heavy mop coat of hot asphalt. All cork- 
boards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. All 
transverse joints in the first course are to be broken and all joints 
in the second course are to be broken in both directions with the 
joints in the first course. The top surface of cork is to be mopped 
with a coat of hot asphalt not less than ]4," thick thor- 
oughly sealing all joints ready for the tank to be placed on top. 
This insulation is to be extended to the outside of the insulation 
on the sides of tank. 

SIDES: 

The sides of the tank are to be insulated with inches 

of corkboard in two courses. Studs (.2"x3", 3" x 3", 

3"x4") are to be erected against the tank 36" apart well 
secured to the top of the tank and to a wood plate at the bottom. 

The first course is to be inches thick set between studs 

and applied against tank with hot asphalt, and toenailed to studs. 

The second course is to be inches thick applied against 

the first course with hot asphalt and nailed to studding. All cork- 
boards are to be butted up close making tight fitting joints. 
All joints in the second course are to be broken in both direc- 
tions with the joints of the first course and all vertical joints 
are to lap the studs by at least six inches. The insulation is 
to be finished with two courses of 14," T & G lumber erected 
, vertically with two layers of waterproof paper between, lapping 
the paper not less than three inches. The wood finish is to be 
securely nailed to suitable wood furring strips placed along the 
top and bottom of tank. 

XOTE. — Cement finish according to Specification A^o. 42 may 
be substituted for the zvood finish. 



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No. 44 

CYLINDRICAL TANKS, COOLERS, 
FILTERS, Etc. 



With Flat or Curved Tops 

One Course of Corkboard 

Asphalt Finish 

Two, Three or Four inch CRESCENT Corkboard maj- be ap- 
plied according to the following specification: 

(See page 41 for recommendations of thicknesses.) 

The is to be insulated with one course of 

inch CRESCENT Cork lagging bevelled to the proper 

radius to lit the C3dindrical surface. The inside and outside surfaces 
of lags are to be asphalt coated. The lags are to be applied to 

the shell of the and to each other with asphalt paint and 

secureh' fastened with wire every six inches. The entire insulated 
surface is to be finished with a heavy coat of asphalt paint 
applied evenly. 

The bottom of the ..... is to l)e insulated with a disc of 

inch CRESCENT Corkboard laid in asphalt paint. The top sur- 
face is to be finished with a coat of asphalt paint. 

SPECIEICATION FOR FLAT TOP 

The top of the is to be insulated with a removable cover 

constructed in two halves of one course inch CRESCENT 

Corkboard asphalt coated on all sides placed between two 
courses of 7/i" T & G lumber and two layers of waterproof paper. 

SPECIFICATION FOR CURVED TOP 
For tanks, coolers, etc., with heads as per drawing 45, use the 
above specification changing instructions for top insulation to 
read as follows : 

The head of the is to be insulated with a cork 

disc made of inch CRESCENT Corkboard, lagging 

quality, asphalt coated both sides and cemented together with 
asphalt, breaking all transverse joints. The disc is to be 

cemented to the ends of cork lagging on the sides of the 

with asphalt paint and the space between the head and 

the disc is to be filled in with fine granulated cork. The entire 
insulated surface is to be finished with a heavy coat of asphalt 
paint applied evenly. 



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138 



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No. 45 



CYLINDRICAL COOLERS, BRINE 
TANKS, Etc. 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Asphalt Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of CRESCENT 
Corkboard ma_v be applied according to the following specifica- 
tion ; 

(See page 41 for reeoinmcndations of thicknesses.) 

The is to be insulated with two courses of 

inch CRESCENT Cork lagging bevelled to the proper 

radius to fit the cylindrical surface. The inside and outside 
surfaces of lags are to be asphalt coated. The lags of the first 

course are to be applied to the shell of the and to each 

other with asphalt paint and secureh' wired in place. The lags 
of the second course are to be applied against the first course 
and to each other with asphalt paint and securely fastened with 
wire every six inches. All joints in the second course are to 
be broken in both directions with the joints in the first course. 
The entire insulated surface is to be finished with a heavy 
coat of asphalt paint applied evenly. 

The bottom of the is to be insulated with 

a cork disc inches thick made of two courses of 

inch CRESCENT Corkboard, lagging quality, asphalt coated both 
sides ar,d cemented together with asphalt. The joints of each 
course are to be broken in both directions with the joints of 
the other course. The disc is to be laid in hot asphalt and 
coated on all sides. 

The head of the is to be insulated with a cork disc 

inches thick made of two courses of inch CRESCENT 

Corkboard, lagging quality, asphalt coated both sides and cemented 
together with asphalt. The joints of each course are to be 
broken in both directions with the joints of the other course. 
The disc is to be cemented to the ends of cork lagging on the 

sides of the with asphalt paint and the space between 

head and disc is to be filled in with fine granulated cork. The 
entire insulated surface is to be finished with a heavy coat of 
asphalt paint applied evenly. 



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139 



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140 



jo. 



CYLINDRICAL BRINE COOLERS 



Two Courses of Corkboard 

Asphalt Finish 



Four, Five, Six, Seven or Eight inches of CRESCENT 
Corkboard may be applied according to the following speci- 
fication : 

(See page 41 for recomiuciidations of thicknesses.) 

The cooler is to be insulated with two courses of 

inch Crescent Cork lagging bevelled to the proper 

radius to fit the cylindrical surface. The inside and outside 
surfaces of lags are to be asphalt coated. The lags of the first 
course are to be applied to the shell of the cooler and to each 
otner with asphalt paint and securely wired in place. The lags 
of the second course are to be applied against the first course 
and to each other with asphalt paint and securely fastened 
with wire every six inches. All joints in the second course are 
to be broken in both directions with the joints in the first 
course. The entire insulated surface is to be finished with a 
heavy coat of asphalt paint applied evenly. 

The bottom of the cooler is to be insulated by erecting a 
single course of bricks in cement mortar from the floor or 
foundation to the under side of outer edge of the bottom flange 
of cooler and the entire space under cooler filled with fine granu- 
lated cork, well packed in place. 

The exposed brick surface is to be finished with a coat of 
Portland cement plaster, mixed one part Portland cement and 
two parts clean, sharp sand. 

The head of the cooler is to be insulated with a cork disc 
inches thick made of two courses of inch CRES- 
CENT Corkboard, lagging quality, asphalt coated both sides and 
cemented together with asphalt. The joints of each course are 
to be broken in both directions with the joints of the other 
course. The disc is to be cemented to the ends of cork lagging 
on the sides of the cooler with asphalt paint and the space be- 
tween cooler head and disc is to be filled in with fine granu- 
lated cork. The entire insulated surface is to be finished with 
a heav}' coat of asphalt paint applied evenly. 



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142 



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No. 47 



CRESCENT CORK TILE 



Standard Specification 
United Cork Flooring Company 



FLOORS: (or Stair Threads, etc., etc.) shall be of (CRES- 
CENT) CORK TILE ^" thick of American manufacture, 
made of the finest quality of clear cork shavings in standard 
proportions by weight, compressed solidly in closed moulds 
and thoroughly baked. It shall be free from all foreign 
substances and cement of any kind, other than the natural gum 
of the cork. It shall be set in a waterproof cement, so applied 
to the tile and foundation as to achieve perfect adherence and 
hermetically seal and bind all joints. 

x\ll Cork Tile to be furnished under this specification shall be 
manufactured and installed by a contractor experienced in the 
art, having to his credit, installations which have given satis- 
factory service for a period of not less than three (3) years, 
prior to the taking of bids on this work. Bidders on this work, 
will name in their bid three (3) buildings in which their material 
has been in service for the period stipulated in these specifica- 
tions. 

NOTE.— If cove base is desired, state height required. 



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143 



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Plant of Xorthwestern Cold Storage and Warehouse Co. About 

six carloads of "Star" were used for the Insulation 

of this Building. 




riant of Jamaica Consumers Ice Co. More than 100,000 Feet 
of Crescent Corkboard were Used in Insulating this Plant 



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144 



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Shipping T)ata 



PART IV 
(Pages 145 to 150 inclusive) 



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SIZE OF BOARDS OR SHEETS 

All corkboards, "Crescent" or "Star" or "Economy" 
are made in boards or sheets measuring 

12"x36" 
and in the following thicknesses : 
Star or 

"Economy" y^J' , V, \y/\ 2^^ 3'^ V' and %" 
Crescent Y^' , Y^" . >4'^ Ya" , 1''. ^Yi", %" , 3'', 4" 
AVERAGE WEIGHTS 

Wght. \A'ght. Wght. Per 

Pei- Cu. Ft. Per Ft. B/M Ft. B/M Crated 
Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. 

Star and "Economy'' 

Corkboard 16 1.35 1.5 

Crescent Corkboard. . 10 .85 1 

MINIMUM CARLOAD WEIGHTS 

On carload shipments freight rates for various sized 
cars are assessed upon certain minimum weights. 
These weights will have to be paid for whether or not 
the actual weights of shipments come up to these 
minimum recjuirements. According to rules in force 
January 1st, 1916, these minimum carload require- 
ments are as follows : 

For Corkboard Without Binder — Crescent 

Size of Car Official Southern Western Trans Contin'l 

36 foot.. 20,000 lbs. 20,000 lbs. 20,000 lbs. 24,000 lbs. 

40 foot.. 22,400 " 20,000 " 22,400 " 24,000 " 

45 foot.. 28,400 " 20,000 " 25,400 " 24,000 " 

50 foot.. 32,000 " 20,000 " 28,400 "' 24,000 " 

For Corkboard With Binder — Star and Economy 

i^ize of Car Official Southern Western Trans Contin'l 

All sizes. . 30,000 lbs. 30,000 lbs. 30,000 lbs. 24,000 lbs. 

CONTENTS OF CARS 

In the Official, Southern and Western classification 
territories about 25,000 square feet 1" thick Crescent 
corkboard, or about 23,000 square feet 1" thick Star 
corkboard make a minimum carload. For the Trans- 
continental territory about 30,000 square feet 1" Cres- 
cent or 18,000 square feet 1" Star are required. 

The loading capacity of the various sized cars fur- 
nished by the railroads are as follows : 

36 foot car 24,000 to 26.000 ft. B/M 

40 " " 27,000 " 29,000 " 

45 " " 30,000 " 32,000 " 

50 " " 33,000 " 35,000 " 



146 



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LOADING AND PACKING 

All-rail carload shipments (C. L.) arc packed in bulk 
i.e., the loose sheets are stacked into the cars. 

Less than carload shipments (L. C. L.) and all 
water shipments require crating. A charge of ^c. per 
scp ft. 1" thick is made for this service. 

Li handling, loading and packing, some of the boards 
become damaged. These are cut down to obtain 
straight edges and corners. We take the privilege of 
sending up to 5% of such shorter boards with each 
shipment. 

FREIGHT RATES AND CLASSIFICATIONS 

According to railroad rules of all classification terri- 
tories in force January 1st, 1916, corkboard shipments 
take the following freight rates : 



Carloads 


With Binder 
Star 
Economy 

5th 


Without Binder 
Ciescent 

4th 


Less Carloads . . . . 


3rd 


2nd 



FIBRE BOARD CASES OR BOXES 
Used for Export Shipments 

CONTENTS AND DIMENSIONS 



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63 


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14 


42 


63 


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5.305 




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WEIGHT OF 


CRESCENT 


WEIGHT 


OF STAR 






CORKBOARD 




CORKBOARD 








o 



56 
56 
53 
56 
53 



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51/2 



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50.5 

50.5 

48. 
50.5 

48. 



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.888 
.883 
.888 
.883 



a a 



92.55 
92.55 

88.00 
92.55 

88.00 



7V2 



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SI. 

85.05 

81. 






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1 470 
1.4r,7 
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147 



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GRANULATED NATURAL CORK, C. S. 

GRANULATED and REGRANU- 

LATED CORK 

AVERAGE WEIGHTS 

Weight 
Material , Per Cu. Ft. Per Bag Of Bag 

Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. 

^'^ Uncreened Gran 7 75 2 

8/13 C. S. Gran 9 95 2 

8/20 C. S. Gran 11 120 2 

12/20 C. S. Gran 13 140 2 

Mixed Reg-ranulated 7>4 80 2 

Fine Regranulated 7>4 80 2 

Coarse Regranulated 6>< 70 2 

PACKING 

All the above grades are packed in burlap bags 
measuring approximately 23" x 42" filled. 

A charge for Burlap Bags is made on all shipments, 
but the bags may be returned to our factory prepaying 
all transportation charges. All bags received by us in 
good condition will be credited back to our customers 
at 5 cents less than charged. This is to take care of 
wear and tear. 

FREIGHT RATES— CLASSIFICATION 

All grades and kinds of granulated cork shipped to 
any point in the United States take the following 
freight rates : 

Carloads 3rd Class 

Less than Carloads 1st Class 

MINIMUM CARLOAD WEIGHTS 

On carload shipments freight rates for the various 
sized cars are assessed upon certain minimum weights. 
These weights will have to be paid for whether or not 
the actual weights of the shipments come up to the 
minimum requirements. 

According to rules in force January 1st, 1917, the 
minimum carload requirements for all kinds of granu- 
lated cork are as follows : 

Official Southern Western Trans Contin'l 

36' car.. 12,000 lbs. 12,000 lbs. 12,000 lbs. 24,000 lbs. 

40' " . . 13,000 *' 15,000 " 13,440 " 24,000 " 

45' " . . 17,040 " 19,800 " 15,240 " 24,000 " 

50' " . . 19,550 " 21,600 " 17,040 " 24,000 " 



148 



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CORK BRICK 

Cork bricks for horse stalls measure 4" x 9" x 1^4"- 
Cork bricks for cow stalls measure -t" x 9" x 2". 

Weights, Packing, etc. 

The average cork brick weighs about 2.5 lbs. each. 
If shipped in less than carload lots or by water they 
have to be crated, for which an extra charge of $5.0U 
per M is made. 

Cork Brick for Horse Stalls 



Size of 


Gross Weight 


Net Weight 


No. of 


Crates 


Approx. 


Approx. 


Brick, 
per Crate 



39>4" x 20" X 13>4" 300 lbs. 270 lbs. 

Cork Brick for Cow Stalls 



Size of 
Crates 



Gross Weight 
Approx. 



Net Weight 
Approx. 



112 



No. of 

Brick, 

per Crate 



39>^"x20"xl35^" 280 lbs. 250 lbs. 



100 



FREIGHT CLASSIFICATION— MINIMUM CAR- 
LOADS 

Cork brick are classified in all railroad classification 
territories as 4th class for 1. c. 1. shipments and 6th 
class for carload shipments, 40,000 pounds or about 
16,000 bricks making a minimum carload. 

CORK TILE 

Cork tile weighs about 20 ounces per square foot 
14 ■■ thick. On account of the fine, sharp edges to 
which this material is finished all shi])ments are packed 
in strong wooden boxes to orevent damage. 

Cork tile is classified for all railroad classifications 
territories the same as corkl)oard without foreign bind- 
er (CRESCENT) i. e.,, 2nd and 4th class. 

Cork tile is made up in such a variety of sizes that no 
standards for packing can be given. A nominal charge 
is made to cover expenses of packing. 



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149 



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A Final Word 

In a book of this character, it is manifestly impos- 
sible to cover a subject so broad as "Cork Insulation". 

We have endeavored, therefore, to give the gen- 
eral and specific information that will assist toward a 
better understanding of the advantages of Cork as an 
Insulator. 

We mvite correspondence from anyone m search 
of further details and will promptly give our attention 
to all mquiries. 

In our List of References, you will probably find 
names of firms or individuals in your own vicinity — 
who will be glad to tell you their experience with our 
Products. 

Write for this list. 



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150 



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INDEX 



PART I— GENERAL INFORMATION. 

Air Space Insulation 8 

British Thermal Unit (B. T. U.) G 

Condensation 10-42 

Conduction 7 

Conductivity of Cor!: 14-23 

Convection 7 

Cork (Stripping of Trees) 4 

Corkboard 14 

Cork Bricks 34 

Cork Insulation 5 

Cork Products 13 

Cork Tiling 35 

Cork Waste or Shavings 12 

Crescent Corkboard 19 

Cost of Installation, Examples 28-29 

Econom}^ Corkboard 17 

Empty Air Spaces 8-42 

Granulated Cork 17 

Heat 6 

Heat Measurements 6 

Heat Transference 7 

Heat Transmission 7-23 

Latent Heat 6 

Methods of Insulation 8 

Miscellaneous Uses of Cork Insulation 30 

Other Forms and Methods of Insulation 8 

Radiation 7 

Re-granulated Cork 14 

Saving of Space by Corkboard Construction. Example 23 

Specific Heat 6 

Star Corkboard 15 

Ton of Refrigeration 7 

U. S. Navy Test on Corkboard 21 

Summary of Advantages 23 

Uses of Cork H 

Virgin Cork 10 

PART II— CONSTRUCTION DATA. 

General Recommendations and Suggestions 40 

Table of Thicknesses Recommended 41 



151 



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INDEX— Continued 

Additional Data. 

Coil Lofts and Bunkers 44 

Columns, Beams and Girders 43 

Continuous Insulation .... 46 

Cork Partitions 44 

Diagram of Typical Construction 47 

Floors on Ground 45 

Freezing Tanks 46 

Nails, Discs and Skewers 48 

Roofs 43 

Walls and Ceilings 42 

PART III— SPECIFICATIONS. 

Foreword 52 

Beams and Girders 126-127 

Ceilings 100-121 

Cement Plaster Finish Note ■. 53 

Crescent Cork Tile 142-143 

Cylindrical Tanks, Coolers, Filters, etc 136-141 

Floors 82-99 

Freezing Tanks , 128-135 

Partitions 70-81 

Roofs 122-125 

Walls 54-69 

PART IV— SHIPPING DATA 
Corkboard. 

Average Weights 146 

Contents of Cars -. 146 

Contents and Dimensions of Cases or Boxes 147 

Freight Rates and Classifications 147 

Loading and Packing 147 

Minimum Carload Weights 146 

Sizes of Boards or Sheets 146 

Cork Brick and Cork Tile. 

Freight Classifications 149 

Minimum Carloads 149 

Sizes 149 

Weights and Packing •- 149 

Granulated and Re-Granulated Cork. 

Average Weights 148 

Freight Rates and Classifications 148 

Minimum Carload Weights 148 

Packing ^'^8 




Zellner-Frank, Inc., New York 



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